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泄水建筑物过流面掺气是一种有效的减蚀方法.在掺气设施设计中有许多因素需要考虑,其中之一是空腔长度,它对掺气减蚀效率起着重要作用,而决定空腔长度计算精度的一个主要参数就是水流出射角.本文分析了影响水流出射角的结构参数和水力学参数,通过引进权重系数提出了考虑上述参数影响的4个改进的出射角计算公式;根据6个工程12个掺气设施的68组试验资料,包括模型和原型实测资料,运用误差理论,对4个改进的计算公式进行了比较,推荐了出射角的计算公式;用本文推荐的公式计算的空腔长度,与当前流行的5种公式的计算结果相比,本文推荐的计算公式具有较高的精度.
Condensation at the flow surface of a drainage building is an effective method of erosion reduction. There are many factors to consider in the design of aeration facilities. One of them is cavity length, which plays an important role in the efficiency of aeration and erosion reduction. The main parameter that determines the calculation accuracy of cavity length is the exit angle of water.The paper analyzes the structural parameters and hydraulic parameters that affect the exit angle of water flow and proposes four improved calculation formulas of exit angle considering the influence of the above parameters by introducing the weight coefficient According to 68 sets of experimental data of 12 aeration facilities in six projects, including the model and the measured data of the prototype, the four improved formulas are compared by using the error theory, and the formula of the exit angle is recommended. Compared with the calculation results of the five popular formulas, the cavity length calculated by the formula has higher accuracy.