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目的归纳和总结小儿不明原因发热的原因及临床特点,提高临床诊断的准确率。方法 120例接受临床诊疗的不明原因发热患儿,对其临床资料展开回顾性分析。结果 120例患儿中,有92.5%(111/120)的患儿得到准确的临床诊断结果 ,7.5%(9/120)的患儿并未得到明确的诊断结果 ;111例患儿在诊断结果的指导下接受对症治疗,有1例患儿因为恶性疾病治疗无效最终死亡,其他患儿经过治疗后病情逐渐好转。9例诊断不明确患儿中有7例患儿选择转院治疗,其余2例患儿家属选择出院。病因分析结果显示,111例发热患儿中,67例患儿患有病菌传染性疾病、23例患者患有结缔组织类疾病、16例患儿患有恶性疾病、5例患儿患有其他类型疾病。其百分比分别为60.36%、20.72%、14.41%、4.51%。感染性疾病是导致小儿出现长期发热的主要原因,结缔组织疾病次之。结论小儿长期不明原因发热与小儿的身体患病情况存在着明显的关联性,感染性疾病是小儿不明原因发热的主要原因。为了将小儿不明原因发热的危险性降到最低,临床中需要提高诊断效率,及时采取措施为患儿进行对症治疗。
Objective To summarize the causes and clinical features of children with unexplained fever and improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. Methods A total of 120 children with unexplained fever who received clinical diagnosis and treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of the 120 children, 92.5% (111/120) had accurate clinical diagnosis, and 7.5% (9/120) did not get definite diagnosis. Among 111 children, Under the guidance of symptomatic treatment, 1 case of children died of malignant disease treatment eventually died, the other children after treatment, the condition gradually improved. Of the 9 cases with unknown diagnosis, 7 children were selected for transfer and the remaining 2 children were discharged. Etiological analysis revealed that 67 of 111 children with fever had infectious disease, 23 had connective tissue disease, 16 had malignant disease, and 5 had other types of fever disease. The percentages were 60.36%, 20.72%, 14.41% and 4.51% respectively. Infectious disease is the leading cause of long-term fever in children, followed by connective tissue disease. Conclusion There is a clear correlation between the long-term unexplained fever in children and the prevalence of illness in children. Infectious diseases are the main causes of fever of unknown origin in children. In order to minimize the risk of fever in children with unknown causes, the clinical need to improve the diagnostic efficiency, timely measures for symptomatic treatment of children.