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对有限地板尺寸和介质填充情况下Peano分形加载单极子天线的辐射特性进行了研究。利用HFSS分析了地板尺寸和填充介质材料对天线反射系数、辐射方向图和增益的影响。仿真表明:随着地板尺寸的减小,天线的阻抗带宽和增益明显减小,H面方向图变化不大,而E面方向图的半功率波束宽度增大,波束仰角减小;填充材料的介电常数过大会导致天线性能的恶化。在分析研究的基础上,设计并研制了地板尺寸为220mm×220mm的一阶和二阶Peano分形加载单极子天线。天线分别实现了45°和36°的波束仰角,50°和45°的半功率波束宽度。仿真与实测结果均表明调节地板尺寸是控制Peano分形加载单极子天线E面半功率波束宽度和波束仰角的一种简单而有效的方法。
The radiation characteristics of Peano fractal loaded monopole antenna with finite floor size and medium filling were investigated. The effect of floor size and filler material on antenna reflection coefficient, radiation pattern and gain was analyzed using HFSS. The simulation results show that the impedance bandwidth and gain of the antenna decrease obviously as the size of the floor decreases, and the half-power beamwidth of the E-plane pattern increases while the elevation angle of the beam decreases, Excessive dielectric constant leads to deterioration of the antenna performance. Based on the analysis and research, first-order and second-order Peano fractal loading monopole antennas with a floor size of 220mm × 220mm have been designed and developed. Antennas achieve 45 ° and 36 ° beam elevation, 50 ° and 45 ° half-power beamwidth, respectively. Simulation and experimental results show that adjusting the floor size is a simple and effective method to control half-power beamwidth and beam elevation of E-plane of Peano fractal-loaded monopole antenna.