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为了解日光温室土壤速效养分剖面分布和累积特征,测定了不同种植年限日光温室不同层次土壤速效养分,结果显示:日光温室土壤硝态氮含量剖面分布均呈倒梯形分布,5、10和14年日光温室0～100 cm土层硝态氮累积总量分别为是相邻粮田的4.3、5.8和7.1倍。5、10和14年日光温室表层土壤速效P含量均超过200 mg kg-1,0～100 cm土层土壤速效P积累总量分别是温室外粮田的6.2、13.2和18.0倍,5年低龄温室土壤速效P剖面分布为丁字形,10年以上高龄温室土壤速效P剖面分布均为倒梯形。5、10和14年日光温室表层土壤速效K的含量均超过300 mg kg-1,0～100 cm土层土壤速效K累积总量分别是温室外粮田积累量的1.8、2.9和4.4倍,日光温室土壤速效K剖面分布均为倒梯形。5年温室土壤水溶性P含量呈丁字型分布,10年以上温室土壤水溶性P含量分布呈现倒三角,逐渐向倒梯形发展,不同年限温室水溶性K含量剖面分布均呈倒梯形分布。日光温室土壤速效养分的富集率为速效P>硝态N>速效K,低龄温室土壤养分表层富集为主,而高龄温室中下层积累量所占比例逐渐增加。
In order to understand the distribution and accumulation characteristics of soil available nutrient profile in solar greenhouse, the soil available nutrients in different layers of greenhouse were measured. The results showed that the profile distribution of nitrate nitrogen in sunlight greenhouse was inverted trapezoidal distribution, The total nitrate nitrogen accumulation in 0 ~ 100 cm soil layer in sunlight greenhouse were 4.3, 5.8 and 7.1 times that of adjacent grain fields respectively. The available soil P contents in topsoil of sunlight greenhouse at 5, 10 and 14 years were more than 200 mg kg-1. The total available soil P accumulation in the depth of 1 to 100 cm were 6.2, 13.2 and 18.0 times that of greenhouse grain crop respectively. The profiles of soil available P in the greenhouse were T-shaped, and the profiles of soil available P in the 10-year-old greenhouses were inverted trapezoidal. The cumulative contents of available K in the surface soils of the greenhouse at 5, 10 and 14 years were higher than those of 300 mg kg-1 and 100 ~ 100 cm, respectively, which were 1.8, 2.9 and 4.4 times that of the greenhouse. The distribution of available K profile in sunlight greenhouse was inverted trapezoid. In the past five years, the content of water-soluble P in the greenhouse was T-shaped distribution. The distribution of P content in the greenhouse over 10 years showed inverted triangle and gradually inverted trapezoid. The distribution of water-soluble K in the greenhouse had inverted trapezoidal distribution in different years. The enrichment rate of soil available nutrients in sunlight greenhouse was mainly available P> nitrate N> available K, while the contents of soil nutrients in the lower-age greenhouses were mainly enriched, while the proportion of the middle and lower layers of greenhouses increased gradually.