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目的:了解深圳市龙岗街道2001～2006年5岁以下儿童死亡率,探讨死亡原因,为制定控制婴幼儿死亡的干预措施提供依据。方法:按照本地区5岁以下儿童死亡监测方案,对2001～2006年龙岗街道5岁以下儿童死亡监测结果进行回顾性分析。结果:2001～2006年龙岗街道的活产儿总数为20713例,围产儿(包括死胎死产)、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡例数分别为354例、336例和443例,死亡率分别为17.09‰、16.22‰和21.39‰;常住、暂住、流动儿童平均死亡率分别为15.85‰21.63‰和52.85‰;不同户籍类型之间的儿童死亡率有显著性差异(χ2=161.68,P<0.05);不同性别之间儿童死亡率无显著性差异(χ2=0.059,P>0.05);早产及低体重已经上升至死因顺位第1位。结论:①近6年来5岁以下儿童死亡率总体呈下降趋势,但不同户籍类型儿童死亡率差异明显;②应加强对暂住和流动妇女儿童卫生保健的动态检测和管理工作,完善妇幼保健服务网络,不断满足暂住和流动儿童的卫生保健需要;③协助有关部门积极控制环境污染。
Objective: To understand the death rate of children under 5 years of age from 2001 to 2006 in Longgang street in Shenzhen, to explore the causes of death and to provide basis for making interventions to control the death of infants and children. Methods: According to the death monitoring programs for children under 5 in this region, the death monitoring results of children under 5 years old from 2001 to 2006 in Longgang were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The total number of live births in Longgang Street from 2001 to 2006 was 20,713. The number of perinatal deaths (including stillbirths), infants and children under 5 were 354, 336 and 443 respectively, with the death rates of 17.09 ‰, 16.22 ‰ and 21.39 ‰. The average mortality rates of resident, temporary and migrant children were 15.85 ‰ 21.63 ‰ and 52.85 ‰, respectively. There was a significant difference in child mortality between different household types (χ2 = 161.68, P <0.05) ; There was no significant difference in child mortality between different genders (χ2 = 0.059, P> 0.05). Premature birth and low birth weight had risen to the first place of the cause of death. Conclusion: ①The overall mortality rate of children under 5 years of age in recent 6 years shows a decreasing trend, but there is obvious difference in the mortality rate among different types of children. ②The detection and management of child health care for transient and migrant women should be strengthened and the MCH service should be improved Network, continue to meet the needs of temporary and migrant children health care; ③ assist the relevant departments to actively control environmental pollution.