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《中共中央关于经济体制改革的决定》指出,对计划体制改革的根本要求,是在中国“建立自觉运用价值规律的计划体制,发展社会主义商品经济。”并且提出,在计划方式上,“就要有步骤地适当缩小指令性计划的范围,适当扩大引导性计划的范围。”为了配合上述工作,我们撰写此文。尽管中、法社会制度不同,计划化的经济基础,计划的目的和作用的范围都有着本质的区别,法国经济计划化没有也不可能解决资本主义的基本矛盾。但是,在具体方法上又不无可借鉴之处。 一、法国经济计划化在西方是最典型的 战后,随着国家垄断资本主义的发展,很多发达资本主义国家都采用了“计划化”的方式来干预经济,其中法国最为典型。主要表现在: 1.法国有更深刻的政治经济基础。从历史上看,法国长期以来垄断力量薄弱,中小企业比重大、经济结构落后,因此一直有国家干预的习惯。在二次大战中,法国经济遭到严重破坏,为恢复经济,改变落后的经济结构,必须运用国家力量。从政治上看,法国左翼力量强大。战时法国抵抗组织在1944年3日制定的全国抵抗运动委员会宪章中就
The Decision of the CPC Central Committee on the Reform of the Economic Structure points out that the fundamental requirement for the reform of the planned system is to “establish a system of planning for the conscious application of the law of value and develop the socialist commodity economy in China.” It also proposes that in terms of planning methods, We must appropriately reduce the scope of the mandatory plan step by step and appropriately expand the scope of the pilot program. “In keeping with the above work, we write this article. Despite the differences between the Chinese and French social systems, the planned economic basis, the planned purpose and the scope of the project all have essential differences. The French economic plan has not and can not solve the basic contradictions of capitalism. However, there is no specific way to learn from. First, the French economic planning in the West is the most typical post-war, with the development of state monopoly capitalism, many developed capitalist countries have adopted a ”planned" approach to intervene in the economy, of which France is the most typical. Mainly in: 1. France has a more profound political and economic foundation. Historically, France has a long history of monopoly power, large proportion of SMEs, and backward economic structure. Therefore, it has always been the habit of state intervention. In the Second World War, the French economy was severely damaged. To restore the economy and change the backward economic structure, the national power must be used. Politically, the French left is powerful. In the wartime French Resistance Organization formulated in the 1944 3 National Resistance Campaign Committee charter