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贾谊是西汉鸿文的大家,是中国文学史上最早一位年轻的才子,20多岁被汉文帝召为博士。他的《过秦论》系统地论述了秦朝兴亡的历史经验教训,写得气势磅礴,畅酣淋漓。可惜大臣排斥他,汉文帝派他作长沙王太傅,后又作梁怀王太傅,梁王堕马死,贾谊常哭泣,一年多后就死了,年32岁。长期以来,贾谊被文学史家们认为是一位有天才而短寿的文学家。但是,我读上海人民出版社最近出版的哈佛医学院研究员吴伯林先生新著《人体革命》,其中提及人的平均寿命在不断延长。有几个数字很有趣:19世纪初先进国家的人均寿命为35-40岁。中华民族在各个历史时期的平均寿命则是:夏代,18岁;秦汉,20;东汉,22岁;唐代,27岁;宋代,30岁;清代,33岁;民国时期,35岁;新中国时期,1957年,57岁;1981年,68岁;今天,上海、广州等大城市的人均寿命已与世界达国家相同,为76岁上下。
Jia Yi is a member of Hongwen in the Western Han Dynasty. He was the earliest young scholar in the history of Chinese literature. He was called to Dr. Han by his emperor in his 20s. His “After Qin Theory” systematically discussed the history and lessons of the ups and downs of the Qin Dynasty and was written in a magnificent and smooth manner. Unfortunately, the minister rejected him. Han Wendi sent him to serve as the king of Changsha, and later as Liang Huai Wang Taifu. Liang Wangzhu died and Jia Yi often cried. After more than a year, he died 32 years old. For a long time, Jia Yi was considered by literature historians as a genius and short-lived writer. However, I read the new book “The Human Revolution” by Mr. Wu Bolin, a researcher at Harvard Medical School recently published by Shanghai People’s Publishing House, which mentions that the average life expectancy of the people has been continuously extended. Several figures are interesting: the average life expectancy of advanced countries in the early 19th century was 35-40 years old. The average life span of the Chinese nation in all historical periods is: Xia Dynasty, 18 years old; Qin Han, 20; Eastern Han Dynasty, 22 years old; Tang Dynasty, 27 years old; Song Dynasty, 30 years old; Qing Dynasty, 33 years old; Republic of China, 35 years old; In China, in 1957, it was 57 years old; in 1981, it was 68 years old; today, the life expectancy of major cities such as Shanghai and Guangzhou is the same as that of countries in the world. It is 76 years old.