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目的 了解农村老年人膳食微量元素与老年人认知功能的关系.方法 于2003至2004年在四川省邛崃县和剑阁县采集当地粮食、蔬菜等食物样品,采用2,3-二氨基萘荧光法测定硒含量,采用电感耦合等离子体-质谱法(ICP-MS)测定钙、铝、镉、铜、铁、铅和锌的含量,对长年生活于当地的1 000名农村老年人进行膳食问卷调查和6项认知能力调查,用认知能力综合评分来反映研究人群认知功能的综合水平,用多元逐步回归分析方法调整调查对象年龄、性别、生活习惯等影响因素后分析每种微量元素与综合认知功能评分间的关系.结果 超过50%的老年人5种人体必需微量元素(硒、钙、铜、铁、锌)每日摄入量低于日推荐摄入量(RNI)或日适宜摄入量(AI);经多元逐步回归分析,综合考虑了年龄、性别、受教育情况等因素后,老年认知能力的下降与每公斤体重铅、镉和铜周摄入量的增加有关.结论 本次调查的四川省部分农村的老年人认知能力下降可能与膳食铅、镉和铜摄入量的增加有关.“,”Objective To know the relationship between dietary intake of trace elements and cognitive function in rural elderly. Methods The local grain, vegetables and other food samples were collected, the amount of selenium was determined with fluorometric determination method with 2, 3-diaminonaphthalene, the amount of calcium, aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, lead and zinc with ICP-MS. A cross-sectional survey of 1 000 local rural elderly was conducted by using dietary and six cognitive questionnaires in Qionglai and Jiange county in Sichuan province during 2003 to 2004. The composite cognitive Z score was used to reflect the individual cognitive function. The relationship between each trace element and cognitive function was analyzed after adjusting age, sex, life and other factors by using multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results More than 50% of the investigated elderly, the daily intake of 5 kinds of necessary trace elements was lower than RNI or AI. Dietary intake of Pb, Cd and Cu in rural elderly still had a significant negative correlation with compost Z score. Conclusion Higher dietary intake of Pb, Cd and Cu in some rural Sichuan elderly may associate with lower cognitive function.