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我国在上世纪50年代建立企业职工社会保险时选择了全国统一的制度。这是与国家集中的政治制度和经济制度相适应的。但是,从上世纪80年代以来,各项社会保险开始改革试点,在具体保险政策的制定上,基金管理和调剂上出现了多元化和分散化。比较突出的是以市县为统筹的保险,统筹层次低、规模小,很难达到平衡,有些困难地区,保险基金入不敷出。笔者以为,解决以上问题的有效办法之一就是提高统筹层次,建立省级调剂金制度,增强社会保险的互济性。
In the 1950s, our country established a unified national system when setting up social insurance for enterprise workers. This is in line with the country’s centralized political and economic system. However, since the 1980s, various pilot projects of social insurance reform have begun to diversify and decentralize fund management and adjustment in the formulation of specific insurance policies. More prominent is the city-county insurance as a whole, overall planning level is low, small scale, it is difficult to strike a balance, in some areas of difficulty, the insurance fund can not make ends meet. In my opinion, one of the effective ways to solve the above problems is to improve the overall planning level, establish a provincial swap system and enhance the mutual benefit of social insurance.