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本文对福建省宁化、顺昌两个急性呼吸道感染（简称ＡＲＩ）项目县５岁以下儿童１９９４年１月１日～１９９５年１２月３１日间的监测资料进行整理、分析。结果表明：（１）项目县１９９４年ＡＲＩ发病率为８１．４２％；１９９５年发病率为７３．６１％。（２）ＡＲＩ四季都有发病，高峰大致在春、秋两季。（３）２月龄以内ＡＲＩ婴儿患重度肺炎和极重症的比例为１９．１４％，是２～１１月龄组的７倍、１～４岁组的１７倍；而２月龄以内死于肺炎的婴儿是５岁以下死于肺炎儿童总数的５５．１７％。故２月龄以内婴儿的急性呼吸道感染防治及减少死亡是降低肺炎病死率的关键。（４）边远、贫困地区应是ＡＲＩ管理的重点。
In this paper, the monitoring data of children under 5 years of age from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 1995 in two acute respiratory infections (ARI) project counties in Ninghua and Shunchang of Fujian Province were collated and analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The incidence of ARI in project counties in 1994 was 81.42%; in 1995, the incidence was 73.61%. (2) ARI incidence in all seasons, the peak is generally in spring and autumn. (3) ARI infants aged less than 2 months accounted for 19.14% of the patients with severe pneumonia and severe illness, which was 7 times of 2-11 months old group and 17 times of 1 to 4 years old group, while those who died within 2 months of age Pneumonia is 55.17% of all children under 5 years of age who have died of pneumonia. Therefore, prevention and treatment of acute respiratory infections in infants less than 2 months of age and to reduce mortality is the key to reduce the mortality of pneumonia. (4) Remote, poor areas should be the focus of ARI management.