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滑坡、崩塌、泥石流、地塌、地陷等危害人民生命和财产安全的地质灾害发生前和发生时会出现地下深部的位移现象,尾矿坝在不断堆积中也会出现深部位移现象。因此,对岩土地下深部变形或位移进行监测是防御灾害、保障建筑和水利等岩土工程质量的必要的手段。现有的测斜测量仪必须由人工操作测量,且测量准确性与操作者的技术有关;还有,当测斜管发生大曲率弯曲时,测量探头无法放下去完成测量。另外,测斜管具有较好的抗破坏强度,当地下土质较软时,实际地下土体的位移大于测斜管的倾斜角度所对应的位移值。提出基于测斜和霍尔效应的地下变形(位移)测量集成传感器单元的构成,组成相应的地下位移测量仪器系统,以及地下变形(位移)测量方法,以便解决现有测斜测量仪的缺点。
Landslides, collapses, debris flows, collapses, subsidence and other geological disasters that endanger the safety of people’s lives and property may occur in deep underground displacements, and deep displacement of tailings dams will occur during the continuous accumulation. Therefore, the monitoring of deep deformation or displacement of underground rock and soil is a necessary means to prevent disasters and ensure the quality of geotechnical engineering such as construction and water conservancy. Existing inclinometers have to be measured manually and the accuracy of the measurements depends on the operator’s technique. Also, the measuring probe can not be lowered to complete the measurement when a large curvature of the inclinometer tube is bent. In addition, the inclinometer tube has better anti-destructive strength. When the soil under the ground is softer, the actual displacement of the subsoil is greater than the displacement corresponding to the incline angle of the inclinometer pipe. The composition of the integrated sensor unit for underground deformation (displacement) measurement based on inclinometer and Hall effect is proposed, and the corresponding subsurface displacement measurement instrument system and underground deformation (displacement) measurement method are proposed in order to solve the shortcomings of the existing inclinometer.