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目的观察给予盐酸右美托咪定0.5μg·kg-1在减轻小儿术前焦虑中的效果。方法将40例手术患儿以数字随机法随机分为治疗组和对照组各20例。入手术室前60 min,治疗组静脉注射盐酸右美托咪定注射液0.5μg·kg-1,对照组给予等量0.9%氯化钠注射液。两组均给予瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚进行麻醉诱导及麻醉维持,观察两组父母分离焦虑、佩戴面罩配合程度及术中心率、平均动脉压和血氧饱和度。结果治疗组苏醒时间和术中瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚用量均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。两组术后麻醉苏醒期均未出现恶心、呕吐、高热等不良反应,麻醉全程未出现低血压、心动过缓。两组平均心率、平均动脉压及血氧饱和度差异无统计学意义。两组父母分离焦虑量表及面罩接受量表评分差异不大。结论给予0.5μg·kg-1右美托咪定不能有效降低术前焦虑发生率,对血流动力学无不良影响。右美托咪定以0.5μg·kg-1为基本用量单剂量注射对小儿安全。
Objective To observe the effect of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride 0.5 μg · kg-1 on relieving preoperative anxiety in children. Methods 40 cases of children with surgery were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, 20 cases in each group. Into the operating room 60 min, the treatment group intravenous injection of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection 0.5μg · kg-1, the control group was given the same amount of 0.9% sodium chloride injection. Both groups were given remifentanil and propofol for induction of anesthesia and anesthesia maintenance. The parents were divided into two groups: anxiety, mask coordination, center-rate, mean arterial pressure and oxygen saturation. Results The recovery time and the amount of remifentanil and propofol in the treatment group were less than those in the control group, with significant difference (P <0.01). Nausea, vomiting, fever and other adverse reactions did not appear after anesthesia recovery in both groups. Hypotension and bradycardia were not observed during anesthesia. There was no significant difference in mean heart rate, mean arterial pressure and oxygen saturation between the two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in parental anxiety scale and masks acceptance scale. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine given 0.5μg · kg-1 can not effectively reduce the incidence of preoperative anxiety, hemodynamics without adverse effects. Dexmedetomidine to 0.5μg · kg-1 as a basic dose of single-dose injection of children’s safety.