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一、对规模经济的重新评价在工业公司中,绝大部分的人力和财力属于生产系统,但是经理们却往往忽视生产系统对整个企业经营所起的关键性作用,而把它作为一般的日常事务委托下级处理。他们认为,通过增加资本密集度以寻求生产的规模经济的观点是具有说服力的。然而,国际竞争形势和生产技术的迅速变化,客观上要求我们对此类众所周知的观点的正确性予以重新评价。规模经济理论所基于的假设条件现已不适用于那些采用计算机等最新生产技术的现代化企业。加上全球性的竞争促进了产品定制经营形式的发展,标准化、库存、产品定型等传统做法因而受到冲击。新的技术甚至要求新的经营管理方式与之相适应。试看以下两例:
I. Re-evaluation of economies of scale In industrial companies, the vast majority of human and financial resources belong to the production system, but managers often ignore the crucial role that production systems play in the management of the entire enterprise, and use it as a general routine. The transaction is delegated to the lower level. They believe that the idea of economies of scale seeking to produce by increasing capital intensity is persuasive. However, the rapid changes in the international competition situation and production technologies objectively require us to re-evaluate the correctness of such well-known ideas. The assumptions underlying the theory of economies of scale are no longer applicable to modern companies that use the latest production technologies such as computers. In addition, global competition has promoted the development of product customization, and traditional practices such as standardization, inventory, and product stereotypes have been impacted. The new technology even requires new business management methods to adapt to it. Take a look at the following two examples: