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当人们不从康德同时代的语境(即主体内关于对象知识的诸种“能力”如何协调统一)出发来思考主体性之统一的问题,而是从自我知识与对象知识之间的复杂关系入手,那么康德的思想就呈现为不同于“内主体目的论”的另一种形式,即关于人类知识有限性的理论与关于无条件者的理念学说的结合。主体的自我理解必须在两种立场之间的张力中寻找立足点:一方面是主体从自身的有限性出发意识到自己对其知识基础的追问是超出其可能的解释范围的;而另一方面则尝试将自己的可能性根据在“理念”中展示出来。这正是康德哲学对“有意识的生活”之自由与可能性的功绩。
When one does not think of the unity of subjectivity from the contemporaneous context of Kant (that is, how the various “powers” of subject knowledge in the subject co-ordinates), it is from the perspective of self-knowledge and object knowledge Complex relations, then Kant’s thought appears to be different from the other forms of “inner subject teleology”, namely, the combination of the theory of the limited human knowledge and the concept theory of the unconditional. The self-understanding of the subject must find a foothold in the tension between the two positions: on the one hand, the subject, starting from its own limitation, realizes that his questioning of his knowledge base is beyond the scope of his possible explanation; on the other hand Try to show your own possibilities in “Idea ”. This is the merit of Kant’s philosophy of freedom and possibility of “conscious life.”