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豆杆黑潜蝇是大豆的重要害虫之一,在山东省大豆产区均有分布。已知寄主有大豆、赤豆等九种豆科植物。幼虫蛀食髓部及木质部,形成隧道,严重影响养分和水分的传导。危害重时,幼苗枯死,轻时植株生长缓慢,花荚脱落,产量降低。 豆秆黑潜蝇在山东一年发生五代,以蛹过冬。翌年6月上旬末为蝇始发期,下旬中达盛发期。7月上旬为一代幼虫盛期,旬末为一代蝇始发期,下旬中达盛期,旬末至8月上旬中为二代幼虫盛期和二代蝇始发期,中旬达盛期,下旬为三代幼虫盛发期。四、五代重叠发生。成虫活动以6—8时为盛期。卵单粒散产,多产在叶背近基部主脉附近表皮下,以上中部叶着卵较多,卵历期2—3天。一代幼虫主要危害春豆,二、三代相继危害春豆和夏豆,四、五代危害晚播大豆及赤豆等。幼虫老熟后,在豆株茎壁上咬一羽化孔,以便成虫羽化钻出。 防治措施:集中处理越冬寄主,消灭越冬蛹:增施肥料,提早播种,适时间苗等农业措施,均有一定效果。在成虫盛发期用50％杀螟松、50％辛硫磷、50％马拉硫磷和40％乐果乳剂原液超低量喷雾,毒杀当代成虫及下代幼虫效果显著。
Soybean Lepidoptera is one of the major pests of soybean in soybean production areas in Shandong Province are distributed. Host known soybean, red beans and other nine kinds of legumes. Larvae eat pulp and xylem, the formation of tunnels, seriously affecting nutrient and water conduction. Harm heavy, seedlings dead, light plant growth is slow, flower pods fall, the yield decreased. Stem black-headed flies in Shandong five generations a year to pupate winter. The end of June the following year as the initial period of the fly, mid Shengda period. In early July, the first generation of larvae peaked at the end of the tenth generation, and the mid-late mid-Dazhong, late ten-day and early August were the second-generation larvae and the second-generation flies, The late third generation larvae Shengfa period. Four or five generations overlap. Adult activity to 6-8 for the peak. Individual eggs scattered, prolific in the back of the leaves near the base of the main vein near the epidermis, the above middle leaves more eggs, eggs 2-3 days. The first generation of larvae mainly endanger the spring beans, the second and third generations have successively endangered the spring beans and summer beans, and the fourth and fifth generations endanger the late-seasoned soya and red beans. After the larvae are over cooked, they bite a foraminifera in the stem of the bean plant to allow the adult worm to emerge. Prevention and treatment measures: focus on the winter host, eliminate overwintering pupae: fertilization, early sowing, timely Miao and other agricultural measures, have a certain effect. In adult vigorous use of 50% fenitrothion, 50% phoxim, 50% malathion and 40% dimethoate emulsion ultra-low amount of spray poisoning contemporary adults and the next generation larvae significant effect.