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澳洲最早的鱼类是发现在中奥陶世海相砂岩中的无颌类。奥陶纪和早泥盆世的鱼类主要是具地方色彩的类群,而晚泥盆世时出现了许多世界性分布的属,但迄今在澳洲尚未发现志留纪鱼类。泥盆纪鱼类多种多样,包括了鱼类所有的主要类群。早泥盆世 Taemas鱼群和晚泥盆世早期的Gogo鱼群极大地丰富了我们对早期有颌类在解剖学、系统发生关系及生物地理学方面的知识。晚泥盆世淡水鱼群是以全球性分布的盾皮鱼类的沟鳞鱼、桨鳞鱼、叶鳞鱼和格陵兰鱼为特征,缺失掠夺性的尾骨鱼类。澳洲古生代鱼群中也未发现头甲鱼类。晚古生代时淡水的古鳕类和海生的鲨类占优势。中生代鱼群包括早三叠世的各种古鳕类、晚三叠世占优势的全骨鱼类及晚侏罗世出现的第一批真骨鱼类。新生代鱼群主要是从产于海相沉积中的鱼类的耳石、零散的骨片、牙齿以及湖相沉积中一些保存完整的鱼化石所了解到的。这些鱼类与澳洲现代水域的现生鱼群无重大区别。
The earliest species of fish in Australia were found in the Middle Ordovician marine sandstone jawless. Ordovician and Early Devonian fishes are predominantly endemic, while many Devonian genera were found in the late Devonian. To date, no Silurian fishes have been found in Australia. Devonian fish are diverse and include all major fish groups. Early Devonian Taemas fish stocks and early Devonian Gogo fish stocks greatly enriched our knowledge of anatomy, phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of early jawed members. The Late Devonian freshwater fish stocks are characterized by gills, swordfish, leaf scales fish and Greenland fish, which are predominantly distributed in the world and lack predatory fish. Australian paleontology fish did not find the head turtle. The late Paleozoic freshwater whale and marine shark predominance. The Mesozoic fish stocks include various ancient cod species from the Early Triassic, the late Triassic, and the first from the Late Jurassic. The Cenozoic fish stocks are mainly derived from otoliths, splinters, teeth and some preserved fish fossils from lacustrine sediments. These fish are not significantly different from the current fish stocks in the modern Australian waters.