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目的了解男男性接触者(MSM)一般情况、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)和梅毒感染情况及性行为特征,为开展预防和干预工作提供依据。方法 3年间不断改善抽样方法,分别运用方便抽样、滚雪球法及同伴推动抽样法(RDS),由统一培训的调查员对目标人群进行一对一的访谈,填写调查问卷,采集静脉血3～5 ml进行HIV/梅毒抗体的检测。结果调查MSM 2006年202人、2008年201人、2010年202人;3年的艾滋病知识知晓率分别为57.43%、88.56%、88.61%;肛交每次安全套使用率偏低,分别为18.90%、40.34%,34.25%;HIV和梅毒感染率呈明显上升的趋势,HIV感染率分别为1.49%、3.48%、3.96%;梅毒感染率分别为1.98%、3.98%、22.27%。结论该人群存在知识和行为分离现象,无保护性性行为是造成艾滋病性病在该人群中传播和流行的重要因素,行为干预是预防和控制艾滋病性病最有效措施,提示促进MSM行为改变是我们今后工作的重点方向。
Objective To understand the general situation of MSM, HIV and syphilis infection and sexual behavior characteristics, and to provide basis for prevention and intervention. METHODS: The sampling methods were continuously improved during the three years. Convenient sampling, snowballing and companion push sampling (RDS) were used respectively. One-on-one interviews with target groups were conducted by unified training investigators. The questionnaires were filled in to collect blood samples of 3 to 5 ml for HIV / syphilis antibody detection. Results The survey conducted 202 MSM in 2006, 201 in 2008 and 202 in 2010; the awareness rate of AIDS knowledge in three years was 57.43%, 88.56% and 88.61% respectively; the condom use rate in each anal sex was low, which was 18.90% 40.34% and 34.25% respectively. The prevalence of HIV and syphilis increased significantly. The rates of HIV infection were 1.49%, 3.48% and 3.96% respectively. The infection rates of syphilis were 1.98%, 3.98% and 22.27% respectively. Conclusion This population has the phenomenon of separation of knowledge and behavior. Unprotected sex is an important factor in the transmission and epidemic of HIV / AIDS in this population. Behavioral intervention is the most effective measure to prevent and control HIV / AIDS. It suggests that the promotion of MSM behavior change is the future The focus of the work.