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目的探讨四川成都地区婴幼儿腹泻中诺如病毒(Norovirus,NoV)的流行状况及基因特点。方法收集四川大学华西第二医院2009年9月～2011年5月的腹泻婴幼儿的粪便标本,采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测NoV核酸,通过测序进行分型和进化分析,统计分析NoV感染与性别、年龄、季节和临床症状特点的关系。结果 485例粪便标本中,Nov阳性60例,其中GⅠ簇5例(占8.3%),GⅡ簇54例(占90.0%),混合感染1例(占1.7%);12～24月龄儿童最易感染,未见性别和季节差异;呕吐与NoV感染存在中等强度的关联;24株GⅡ簇NoV中,GⅡ-4基因型占79.2%(19/24),GⅡ-3为16.7%(4/24),GⅡ-2型占4.1%(1/24);19株GⅡ-4中,有8株为2006a变异株,11株为2006b变异株;另外,4株NoV的重组分析显示并未发生重组现象。结论 2009年12月～2011年5月期间,NoV是引起成都地区婴幼儿非细菌性腹泻的主要病原体之一,GⅡ-4基因型(包括2006a和2006b变异株)为优势毒株,研究发现的一株GII-2型NoV国内未见报道,因此应对成都地区儿童的NoV感染进行长期监测和病原分析。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of norovirus (NoV) in infantile diarrhea in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. Methods The stool samples from diarrhea infants and infants aged from September 2009 to May 2011 in Huaxi Second Hospital of Sichuan University were collected. NoV nucleic acids were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequenced for genotyping and evolution Analysis, statistical analysis of NoV infection and gender, age, seasonal and clinical features of the relationship. Results Among the 485 stool samples, there were 60 positive cases of Nov in which 5 cases were GⅠ cluster (8.3%), 54 cases were GⅡ cluster (90.0%), and 1 case was mixed infection (1.7%). Most of children aged 12-24 months There was a moderate correlation between vomiting and NoV infection. The GⅡ-4 genotype accounted for 79.2% (19/24), GⅡ-3 was 16.7% (24 / 24) and GⅡ-2 accounted for 4.1% (1/24). Of the 19 GⅡ-4 strains, 8 strains were 2006a mutant strains and 11 strains were 2006b mutant strains. In addition, 4 NoV recombinant strains showed no occurrence Reorganization phenomenon. Conclusion NoV was one of the major pathogens causing non-bacterial diarrhea in infants and young children in Chengdu from December 2009 to May 2011. The GⅡ-4 genotype (including 2006a and 2006b variants) was the dominant strain. No strain of GII-2 has been reported in China. Therefore, long-term monitoring and pathogen analysis of NoV infection in children in Chengdu should be conducted.