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Recently, at a vocational training school in Beijing, I interviewed a student of a year of graduation called Xiao Liang. He said, when he failed in college entrance examination, he chose to study the major of automobile electronic detection and maintenance in this school. Since he has strong hands-on skills and excellent grades, he signed the contract with a 4s car shop in Guangdong just after the graduation in December last year with the salary of 4000 yuan per month. “Compared with graduates of colleges, my salary is not that bad.” When talk about his choice of vocational school, he said, “Now it seems a good decision.” Xiao Liang’s story is not the only one, and the present society needs a lot for vocational skills.
Therefore, the emerging prosperity of vocational education in China largely is due to the stimulation of employment. Traditional academic education is starting to be questioned and many parents think students of traditional education lack of employment ability.
近日，在北京某职业培训学校，本刊记者采访到了毕业一年的学生小亮。小亮说，当初高考落榜后，他选择了在该校汽车电子检测与维修专业学习，由于动手能力强，成绩优异，去年12月毕业后，直接就与广东一家汽车4S店签约，月薪目前大约4000元以上。“与很多本科毕业生相比，我的工资待遇并不差。”谈起当年上职校的选择，小亮表示,“现在看来，是一个不错的决定。”小亮并不是个例，当前社会对于职业技能有着很大的需求。
由此，中国职业教育开始出现蓬勃的事态很大一部分原因来自于就业的驱使。传统的学历教育开始遭到质疑，很多家长认为传统教育培养的学生严重缺乏就业能力。
But even so, academic education is still the main form for bringing talents to society. The increased college enrollment leads to the double increase of talents to society and this year it reached 5.5 million, but the real employment rate is lower than 50%. It is true that the advantage of academic education is considerable theoretical level. It focuses on the systematic and theoretical cultivation of knowledge, so that students can have solid fundamental knowledge. Objectively, it is a quality-oriented education. It represents that students has experienced this kind of quality training, but it doesn’t mean that the fresh students are the talents that enterprises need.
For the current development situation, the weakness of academic education is also obvious. It usually takes 4 years for academic education and the learning plan has already been made when they begin their study, so the change of courses is slow and cannot catch up with the development of industry; at the same time, it lacks of practice and students have no opportunity to apply their ability, so that it is hard for them to reach the demand of enterprises when they graduate.
但尽管如此，当前，学历教育仍是向社会输送人才的主要形式。大学扩招以后，每年为社会输送的人才成倍增长，今年更是达到了550万左右，而实际就业率已经低于50%。诚然，学历教育的优势是具有相当的理论水平，学历教育注重对知识的系统性、理论性培养，能使学生具备坚实的基础知识，客观上讲，它是一种素质教育。它表明学生接受了这种素质的训练，但是这并不代表刚毕业的学生就是企业所需要的人才。 就目前的发展情况来看，学历教育的弱点同样也很明显，主要是学历教育一般学习4年，学生的教学计划进校门的时候就规定好了，所以课程变化慢，往往跟不上产业的发展步伐；同时，学历教育自身缺失实践环节，学生没有锻炼实践能力的机会，很难在一毕业就达到企业对人才的那个需求标准。
Several years ago the strange circle of credentialism influenced many people born in 1980s, but with the development of society, the focus of employers is changing gradually. When compared with the diploma. They prefer the actual working ability. According to an incomplete statistics, under the impact of financial crisis in 2009, the employment rate of college graduates was 0.6% lower than that of vocational students. So that, many college graduates go to vocational education training institutes to do pre-job training or retraining.
And vocational education better meets the demand of enterprises. Since the late 1990s, the regulators of vocational education realized that if they want to survive and develop, they need to satisfy the demand of the industry structure adjustment and technology progress in China through continuously adjusting major structures, reforming course plan, improving teaching quality and cultivating market-needed skilled workers. It is said that, in the industries of processing and manufacturing, high speed railway, urban railway system and automobile service, over 70% newly added first-line workers are graduates of vocational schools. It has become the key method for remitting the structural contradictions of employment and improving youths’ employment and pioneering work ability.
“It is better to teach people to fish than just give them fish.” Vocational education is employment education. Zhou Ji, minister of education once said at an interview, “Vocational education should be employment-oriented when does reform and innovation, and it should stick to the school orientation of facing the society and facing the market.”
前几年文凭至上的怪圈影响了上世纪80年代出生的许多人，然而随着社会的发展，用人单位的着眼点逐渐转变。相对于一纸文凭，他们更注重在岗位上的实际工作能力。据不完全统计，2009年在金融危机的冲击下，大学生就业率与高职毕业生相比下降了0.6个百分点。因此，许多大学毕业生纷纷到一些职业教育培训机构学习，进行岗前培训或是再培训。
而职业教育也更加命中企业需求，自20世纪90年代后期，职业教育的管理者们认识到了学校要想生存和发展，必须适应国家产业结构调整和技术进步的要求，不断调整专业结构，改革课程设置，提高教学质量，培养市场需要的技术工人。据了解，比如在加工制造、高速铁路、城市轨道交通、汽车服务等行业，七成以上的新增一线从业人员来自职业院校毕业生，职业教育成为缓解就业结构性矛盾，提升青年就业创业能力的关键举措。
“授人以鱼，不如授之以渔”。职业教育就是就业教育，中国教育部部长周济在接受媒体采访时也曾指出,“职业教育必须以就业为导向改革创新，要牢牢把握面向社会、面向市场的办学方向”。
(The original series of articles are available on UE app. 该系列文章原载于UE app)
Therefore, the emerging prosperity of vocational education in China largely is due to the stimulation of employment. Traditional academic education is starting to be questioned and many parents think students of traditional education lack of employment ability.
近日，在北京某职业培训学校，本刊记者采访到了毕业一年的学生小亮。小亮说，当初高考落榜后，他选择了在该校汽车电子检测与维修专业学习，由于动手能力强，成绩优异，去年12月毕业后，直接就与广东一家汽车4S店签约，月薪目前大约4000元以上。“与很多本科毕业生相比，我的工资待遇并不差。”谈起当年上职校的选择，小亮表示,“现在看来，是一个不错的决定。”小亮并不是个例，当前社会对于职业技能有着很大的需求。
由此，中国职业教育开始出现蓬勃的事态很大一部分原因来自于就业的驱使。传统的学历教育开始遭到质疑，很多家长认为传统教育培养的学生严重缺乏就业能力。
But even so, academic education is still the main form for bringing talents to society. The increased college enrollment leads to the double increase of talents to society and this year it reached 5.5 million, but the real employment rate is lower than 50%. It is true that the advantage of academic education is considerable theoretical level. It focuses on the systematic and theoretical cultivation of knowledge, so that students can have solid fundamental knowledge. Objectively, it is a quality-oriented education. It represents that students has experienced this kind of quality training, but it doesn’t mean that the fresh students are the talents that enterprises need.
For the current development situation, the weakness of academic education is also obvious. It usually takes 4 years for academic education and the learning plan has already been made when they begin their study, so the change of courses is slow and cannot catch up with the development of industry; at the same time, it lacks of practice and students have no opportunity to apply their ability, so that it is hard for them to reach the demand of enterprises when they graduate.
但尽管如此，当前，学历教育仍是向社会输送人才的主要形式。大学扩招以后，每年为社会输送的人才成倍增长，今年更是达到了550万左右，而实际就业率已经低于50%。诚然，学历教育的优势是具有相当的理论水平，学历教育注重对知识的系统性、理论性培养，能使学生具备坚实的基础知识，客观上讲，它是一种素质教育。它表明学生接受了这种素质的训练，但是这并不代表刚毕业的学生就是企业所需要的人才。 就目前的发展情况来看，学历教育的弱点同样也很明显，主要是学历教育一般学习4年，学生的教学计划进校门的时候就规定好了，所以课程变化慢，往往跟不上产业的发展步伐；同时，学历教育自身缺失实践环节，学生没有锻炼实践能力的机会，很难在一毕业就达到企业对人才的那个需求标准。
Several years ago the strange circle of credentialism influenced many people born in 1980s, but with the development of society, the focus of employers is changing gradually. When compared with the diploma. They prefer the actual working ability. According to an incomplete statistics, under the impact of financial crisis in 2009, the employment rate of college graduates was 0.6% lower than that of vocational students. So that, many college graduates go to vocational education training institutes to do pre-job training or retraining.
And vocational education better meets the demand of enterprises. Since the late 1990s, the regulators of vocational education realized that if they want to survive and develop, they need to satisfy the demand of the industry structure adjustment and technology progress in China through continuously adjusting major structures, reforming course plan, improving teaching quality and cultivating market-needed skilled workers. It is said that, in the industries of processing and manufacturing, high speed railway, urban railway system and automobile service, over 70% newly added first-line workers are graduates of vocational schools. It has become the key method for remitting the structural contradictions of employment and improving youths’ employment and pioneering work ability.
“It is better to teach people to fish than just give them fish.” Vocational education is employment education. Zhou Ji, minister of education once said at an interview, “Vocational education should be employment-oriented when does reform and innovation, and it should stick to the school orientation of facing the society and facing the market.”
前几年文凭至上的怪圈影响了上世纪80年代出生的许多人，然而随着社会的发展，用人单位的着眼点逐渐转变。相对于一纸文凭，他们更注重在岗位上的实际工作能力。据不完全统计，2009年在金融危机的冲击下，大学生就业率与高职毕业生相比下降了0.6个百分点。因此，许多大学毕业生纷纷到一些职业教育培训机构学习，进行岗前培训或是再培训。
而职业教育也更加命中企业需求，自20世纪90年代后期，职业教育的管理者们认识到了学校要想生存和发展，必须适应国家产业结构调整和技术进步的要求，不断调整专业结构，改革课程设置，提高教学质量，培养市场需要的技术工人。据了解，比如在加工制造、高速铁路、城市轨道交通、汽车服务等行业，七成以上的新增一线从业人员来自职业院校毕业生，职业教育成为缓解就业结构性矛盾，提升青年就业创业能力的关键举措。
“授人以鱼，不如授之以渔”。职业教育就是就业教育，中国教育部部长周济在接受媒体采访时也曾指出,“职业教育必须以就业为导向改革创新，要牢牢把握面向社会、面向市场的办学方向”。
(The original series of articles are available on UE app. 该系列文章原载于UE app)