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目的了解喀什地区艾滋病病毒(HIV)职业暴露现状和职业暴露后应急预防处理的情况,完善预防HIV职业暴露感染的防控措施。方法收集喀什地区2010-2013年报告的HIV职业暴露案例,分析其发生的原因、应急处理情况、预防用药及时性及预防效果。结果喀什地区2010-2013年共计报告68例HIV职业暴露者,医务人员52例(占76.47%),公安人员16例(占23.53%)。暴露方式针刺占70.59%。暴露级别Ⅰ级为61例,Ⅱ级7例。75.00%(51/68)的人进行了预防性服药,服药者中68.63%(35/51)的人采取了合理的服药方案。所有病例医学观察6个月后,均未发现HIV抗体阳转。结论医务人员和公安人员是HIV职业暴露的高发人群,应加强HIV职业暴露的宣传和防护;目前执行的职业暴露应急措施安全、有效。
Objective To understand the situation of occupational exposure to HIV in Kashgar region and the emergency prevention and treatment after occupational exposure and to improve the prevention and control measures against HIV occupational exposure. Methods The cases of HIV occupational exposure reported in 2010-2013 in Kashi Prefecture were collected and analyzed for the causes, emergency treatment, timeliness of preventive medication and preventive effects. Results A total of 68 cases of HIV occupational exposure were reported in 52 cases (76.47%) of medical workers and 16 cases of public security officers (23.53%) in Kashgar region in 2010-2013. Acupuncture exposure accounted for 70.59%. Grade I exposure was 61 and grade II 7. 75.00% (51/68) of them took prophylactic medication, and 68.63% (35/51) of them took proper medication regimen. All cases of medical observation after 6 months, did not find positive HIV antibody. Conclusion Medical staffs and public security officers are the high incidence of HIV occupational exposure. Publicity and protection of HIV occupational exposure should be strengthened. The current emergency measures of occupational exposure are safe and effective.