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目的:了解不同学龄段学生中乙型肝炎HBsAg阳性率状况。方法:采用ELISA法检测参加体检的绍兴市越城区在校的19 501名小学、中学、大学生血清HBsAg指标,并对各学龄段学生血清HBsAg阳性率进行统计分析。结果:参加体检的各学龄段学生血清HBsAg阳性者706人,阳性率为3.62%。HBsAg阳性者中,“大三阳”、“小三阳”及其他感染模式分别为22.95%、60.90%、16.15%;ALT异常者39例。大、中、小学生血清HBsAg阳性率逐渐下降(P<0.01),城镇男、女学生血清HBsAg阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),农村生源大学生血清HBsAg阳性率高于城镇生源学生(P<0.01),且农村生源大学男生血清HBsAg阳性率高于女生(P<0.01)。结论:我国推行的乙肝疫苗接种计划降低了学生血清HBsAg阳性率,但大学生(尤其农村生源)血清HBsAg阳性率仍较高,应加强大学生乙型肝炎的防护。
Objective: To understand the HBsAg positive rate of hepatitis B among different school-age students. Methods: The serum HBsAg of 19 501 primary, middle school and college students who participated in the physical examination in Yuecheng District of Shaoxing City was detected by ELISA. The positive rate of serum HBsAg in each school-age group was statistically analyzed. Results: There were 706 HBsAg positive seropositive students in each school-age group, the positive rate was 3.62%. Among HBsAg positive patients, “Big Three”, “Little Sanyang” and other infection patterns were 22.95%, 60.90% and 16.15%, respectively; and those with abnormal ALT were 39 cases. The positive rate of HBsAg in serum of primary, secondary and middle school students decreased gradually (P <0.01), while the positive rate of serum HBsAg in urban boys and girls was no significant difference (P> 0.05). The positive rate of HBsAg in rural students was higher than that of urban students P <0.01), and the positive rate of HBsAg in male students from rural area was higher than that of female students (P <0.01). Conclusion: The hepatitis B vaccination program in our country reduces the serum HBsAg positive rate of students, but the positive rate of HBsAg in college students (especially in rural areas) is still high, so we should strengthen the protection of hepatitis B in college students.