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诱变作用体外短测试验虽能节省时间和费用,但是无法获得器官特异性和体内药物动力学的资料。目前已建立的体内短测试验,例如骨髓微核试验及精子异常试验也只能在某些组织内进行而不能在特定组织内进行。为此,作者介绍了一种在大肠上皮细胞内检测致癌剂的体内试验,即观察微核、核固缩和核碎裂。虽然并非所有类型的染色体畸变都能变成微核,但是微核数仍是染色体断裂灵敏的测定方法。但作者早先实验表明微核出现率要低于核固缩和核碎裂,而核固缩和碎裂已知是核离散(apoptosis)导致细胞死亡的表现。核离散以核浓
Mutagenicity Although short-term in vitro testing saves time and money, it is not possible to obtain organ-specific and in vivo pharmacokinetic data. Currently established in vivo short test, such as bone marrow micronucleus test and sperm abnormality test can only be carried out in some tissues and can not be carried out in a specific tissue. To this end, the authors describe an in vivo assay for the detection of carcinogens in large intestine epithelial cells, ie, micronuclei, pyknosis and nuclear fragmentation. Although not all types of chromosomal aberrations can become micronuclei, micronuclei are still the sensitive method of chromosome breakage determination. However, earlier experiments by the authors showed that the incidence of micronuclei is lower than that of nuclear pyknosis and fragmentation, which is known to be a manifestation of apoptosis leading to cell death. Nuclear dispersion to nuclear concentration