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光合细菌(PSB)是地球上最早出现具有原始光能合成体系的原核生物,是在厌氧条件下进行不放氧光合作用的细菌总称。自然界中普遍存在,在水产养殖中运用的光合细菌主要是光能异养型红螺科(Rhodospirillaceae)中的一些品种。光合细菌是一类没有形成芽孢能力的革兰氏阳性菌,因具有细菌叶绿素和类胡萝卜素等光合色素,而呈现一定颜色。红螺菌科的菌体以各种有机物和硫化氢作为供氧体,通过光合磷酸化获得能量,在水体中通过降解有机质和硫化氧而使水体净化。光合细菌富含蛋白质、β类维生素、叶酸和生物素等营养物质。因而光合细菌可作为养殖水质净化剂、饲料添加剂和动物性生物饵料等,同时,施用光合细菌后,通过净化水质改善病鱼的环境条件,起到防治鱼病的作用。所以,光合细菌己广泛应用于养殖业、环保等领域,本文将光合细菌生产性培养及在小型水库中的应用技术介绍如下:
Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) is the earliest appearance of the Earth on the original system of light energy synthesis of prokaryotes, is under anaerobic conditions do not release oxygen photosynthesis bacteria collectively. Common in nature, the photosynthetic bacteria used in aquaculture are mainly some of the species of the phototrophic Rhodospirillaceae. Photosynthetic bacteria are non-sporulating Gram-positive bacteria that exhibit a certain color due to photosynthetic pigments such as bacterial chlorophyll and carotenoids. Rhodospirillum cells with a variety of organic matter and hydrogen sulfide as oxygen donor, obtained by photosynthetic phosphorylation energy, in the water through the degradation of organic matter and sulfur dioxide and water purification. Photosynthetic bacteria are rich in protein, beta vitamins, folic acid and biotin and other nutrients. Thus photosynthetic bacteria can be used as breeding water purification agent, feed additives and animal biological feed, etc., at the same time, after the application of photosynthetic bacteria, by improving the water quality of diseased fish to improve the environmental conditions play a role in the prevention and treatment of fish diseases. Therefore, photosynthetic bacteria have been widely used in aquaculture, environmental protection and other fields, the photosynthetic bacteria in culture and the application of technology in small reservoirs are as follows: