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现在,国防和商业生产所产生的大多数强放射性核废料都是液态泥浆的形式。要把这些废料从临时仓库转运到另一处永久性贮藏所,先把它们转变成固态是非常必要的。核废料固化的重要好处与浸出性有关。用固体玻璃或陶质材料固化放射性核废料,然后将其封闭在不透水的容器里,这将大大降低核废料的流动性和浸出进入流动的地下水的速度。这样一来,固体核废料形式就成为贮藏所防止核废料的放射性扩散的重重关卡中的第一道(见圣·约翰的关于贮藏所设计——编辑)。选择适当的降低核废料流动的固体形式,须考虑很多因素:废料的类型,年代,由放射性核废料衰变产生的热效应对于固体稳定性的影响,固态放射性核废料的浸出性和扩散性,放射性核废料外壳的密度,对初期废料中各种成份加工的适应性,必须的技术条件,固化过程的安全性,二层防事故外壳的轻便化和运输的可能性(见Luna等人关于核废料的运
At present, most of the strong radioactive nuclear waste produced by national defense and commercial production is in the form of liquid mud. It is necessary to convert these wastes from a temporary warehouse to another permanent storage place and turn them into a solid state first. The important benefits of nuclear waste solidification are related to the leaching properties. Radioactive nuclear waste is solidified with solid glass or ceramic materials and then sealed in impermeable containers. This will greatly reduce the mobility of nuclear waste and the rate of leaching into the flowing groundwater. As a result, the form of solid nuclear waste became the first in the heavy checkpoints of storage to prevent the radioactive diffusion of nuclear waste (see St. John’s Design of Storage - Editing). Selecting an appropriate reducing solid nuclear waste flow shall consider a number of factors: the type of waste, the impact time, the thermal effect of radioactive waste decay of the solid stability, leaching and diffusing solid radioactive nuclear waste, radioactive The density of the waste enclosure, the adaptability of various components in the initial waste, the required technical conditions, the safety of the curing process, the ease of the second-level accident prevention enclosure, and the possibility of transport (see Luna et al. for nuclear waste) Transportation