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为了研究甘蓝型冬油菜在西北寒旱区的适应性,以29份甘蓝型冬油菜品系为材料,分析在天水、兰州两个试点越冬率、生育期、产量、含油量及农艺性状的差异。结果表明,参试品系在天水试点越冬率均高于兰州试点,在天水试点,21份参试品系越冬率80.00%以上,而兰州试点在覆盖条件下越冬率平均为14.49%,最高为平甘1号(48.50%)。联合方差表明,试点气候差异是引起越冬率差异的最主要原因。与天水试点相比,参试品系北移至兰州试点后越冬期延长,冬后生育期缩短,全生育期延长;在天水试点参试品系株高、分枝部位、主花序长度、千粒重、折合每667 m~2产量、含油量平均值分别为133.52 cm、32.79 cm、51.37 cm、3.15 g、184.20 kg、40.16%,较兰州分别高22.11 cm、31.58 cm、2.47 cm、0.66 g、160.54 kg、22.54%;变异分析表明,在天水试点参试品系越冬率、主要农艺性状、产量、含油量变异系数相对兰州试点较小,相对稳定。结论:天水试点气候条件更适合甘蓝型冬油菜的生长,参试品系越冬率高、农艺性状良好、产量高、含油量高,适应性强。
In order to study the adaptability of Brassica napus L. in cold and arid regions of Northwest China, 29 winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) strains were used as materials to analyze the differences of overwintering rate, growth period, yield, oil content and agronomic traits of two pilots in Tianshui and Lanzhou. The results showed that the overwintering rates of the tested lines in Tianshui were all higher than those in Lanzhou, while in Tianshui, the overwintering rates of 21 tested lines were over 80.00%, while the average overwintering rate of Lanzhou was 14.49% No. 1 (48.50%). The joint variance shows that the pilot climate difference is the most important reason for the difference in overwintering rates. Compared with the trial of Tianshui, the tested lines extended their winter period after the northward shift to Lanzhou, shortened the growth period after the winter and extended the whole growth period. The plant height, branch location, length of the main inflorescence, grain weight per thousand, The average oil content per 667 m ~ 2 was 133.52 cm, 32.79 cm, 51.37 cm, 3.15 g, 184.20 kg and 40.16% respectively, which were 22.11 cm, 31.58 cm, 2.47 cm, 0.66 g and 160.54 kg, 22.54%. Variation analysis showed that the overwintering rate, the main agronomic traits, the yield and the coefficient of variation of oil content of the tested varieties in Tianshui were relatively small and relatively stable in Lanzhou. Conclusion: The experimental climatic conditions in Tianshui are more suitable for the growth of Brassica napus. The overwintering rate, high agronomic traits, high yield, high oil content and strong adaptability of the tested lines.