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研究证明,早熟性是由不同的亚性状组成的多基因控制的数量性状,遗传行为比较复杂。而且在不同生态类型间存在遗传差异。F_1的两个亚性状表现为反向遗传,即前显后隐,或前隐后显。全生育期的显性表现和前期基本一致,说明前期亚性状的遗传效应大于后期,成熟期与抽穗期密切相关(r=0.524)。小麦普遍存在杂种优势。不过不同品系的同一性状或同一品系的不同性状显示的优势差异很大。前期负向优势以奥尔生最强(-0.50%),后期则最弱(2.62%)。而且,同一品系在不同遗传背景下的优势也不同。F_2群体平均值,三个性状的顺序同F_1。超早亲的频率和幅度,同亲本的关系最密切。绝对超早的频率和幅度更有实际育种意义。早熟性遗传力值较高(抽穗期为51.9%,成熟期为43.9%)。可在早代选择,提高早熟育种效率。亲本的两个亚性状,在杂交后代中可以结合成各种构型的全生育期,规律是:两短难结合,超早频率低;两长易结合,超早频率高。说明前短和后短的不同亲本基因,很难在杂交后代中进行重组,形成全生育期最短的新基因型。但是某些品系的杂交,也会打破这种连锁,出现有利的基因重组。如前期较短的69-2(189.50天)与后期较短的奥尔生(38.99天)杂交,F_2出现17.2%的植株比理论全生育期还短,确是一个好组合。
Studies have shown that premature is a quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes composed of different sub traits, genetic behavior is more complicated. There are also genetic differences between different ecotypes. The two subfunctions of F_1 showed reverse inheritance, that is, implicit or anterior implicit. The dominant manifestation of the whole growth period was basically the same as that of the previous period, indicating that the genetic effect of the early trait was greater than that of the late stage, and the mature stage was closely related to the heading stage (r = 0.524). There is widespread heterosis in wheat. However, the same traits of different strains or different traits of the same strain show great differences. The previous negative advantage to Orr the strongest (-0.50%), the latter is the weakest (2.62%). Moreover, the same strain has different strengths in different genetic contexts. F_2 population average, the order of the three traits with F_1. The frequency and magnitude of ultra-early parents are most closely related to their parents. The absolute frequency and amplitude of early warning are more practical breeding significance. The value of early-maturity heritability was high (51.9% at heading and 43.9% at maturity). Can be selected in the early generation, improve precocious breeding efficiency. The two parents of the trait in the hybrid offspring can be combined into a variety of configurations of the whole growth period, the law is: two shortcomings combined with ultra-low frequency; two long easy to combine, ultra-early high frequency. It shows that it is difficult to recombine in different progeny parents to form the new genotype with the shortest growth period. However, the crossbreeding of certain lines will also break the chain and lead to favorable genetic recombination. For example, the short period of 69-2 (189.50 days) and the later short of Orr (38.99 days) were crossed, and 17.2% of the plants in F 2 were shorter than the theoretical full-length growth period, which is indeed a good combination.