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目的为全面了解金川集团公司14 097名职工的身体健康状况,分析影响职工健康的危险因素,探讨企业健康管理的模式。方法对被调查者进行健康体检,将体检数据录入健康评估系统,职工进入系统填写《健康风险评估问卷》和《膳食习惯评估问卷》,系统自动生成健康风险评估报告,统计分析所有报告。结果 14 097名职工未来10年缺血性心血管病与肺癌的发病风险分别为62.11%、64.32%;未来5年糖尿病的发病风险为68.98%、未来4年高血压的发病风险为59.75%。14 097名职工11种风险因素由高到低依次为蔬果摄入不足、肉类摄入过多、血压高、缺乏运动、腰围过大、血脂异常、超重(和)肥胖、吸烟、谷类摄入过多、血糖高、饮酒过量,分别占63.8%、53.38%、49.25%、47.32%、41.82%、41.21%、37.05%、32.87%、25.11%、18.91%、6.39%,不同性别职工各因素分布差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);具备五项及五项以上风险因素者占46.7%,四项占17.1%,三项占16.3%,二项占12.8%、一项占6.0%、无风险因素仅占1.1%。结论企业应在健康教育、分类干预管理等方面开展工作,应重点加强对男性职工的健康管理。
Objective To comprehensively understand the physical health status of 14 097 employees in Jinchuan Group Corporation, analyze the risk factors affecting the health of workers and explore the mode of enterprise health management. Methods The health examination of the respondents was carried out. The medical examination data were entered into the health assessment system. Employees entered the system to fill in the “Health Risk Assessment Questionnaire” and “The Dietary Assessment Questionnaire”. The system automatically generated the health risk assessment report and all the reports were statistically analyzed. Results The risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease and lung cancer in 14 097 workers in the next 10 years were 62.11% and 64.32% respectively. The risk of developing diabetes was 68.98% in the next 5 years, and the incidence of hypertension was 59.75% in the next 4 years. Among the 14 097 employees, 11 kinds of risk factors ranked from high to low in order: inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables, excessive intake of meat, high blood pressure, lack of exercise, excessive waist circumference, dyslipidemia, overweight and obesity, smoking, cereal intake Excessive high blood sugar and excessive drinking accounted for 63.8%, 53.38%, 49.25%, 47.32%, 41.82%, 41.21%, 37.05%, 32.87%, 25.11%, 18.91%, 6.39% (P <0.05); those with five or more risk factors accounted for 46.7%, four accounted for 17.1%, three accounted for 16.3%, two accounted for 12.8% and one accounted for 6.0% No risk factors only 1.1%. Conclusion Enterprises should carry out their work in health education and management of classified interventions, and should focus on strengthening the health management of male workers.