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为了研究在分析中的偶然误差,我们根据现有的内检数据,对黑色金属、有色金属和稀有金属矿石以及非金属矿物原料中16个元素的测定结果进行了统计处理。这些元素是用重量法(Al Be Zr),容量法(Al Sn Fe Ti Zr B F)极谱法(Cu Zn Sn Pb),光度法(Fe Co Ni TiZr B F)和火焰光度法(Li)测定的,这些元素在岩石中的含量为10~(-4)～10~(-3)％(Ge Be Co)到50％以上(Fe Ti Al等)。 我们试图查明不同实验室的均方根分析误差的平均值,找出它们与元素含量之间的关系(即找出偶然误差的方程式),并检验地质岩样分析的偶然误差是否服从正态分布。 在工作中利用了1958～1961年期间为地质系统服务的20个实验室所分析的十万多个样品,从中任意选择出25000个样品平行测定的数据。
In order to study the accidental errors in the analysis, based on the available internal inspection data, the results of the determination of 16 elements in ferrous, non-ferrous and rare-metal ores and non-metallic mineral raw materials were statistically analyzed. These elements were determined by Al Be Zr, Al Sn Fe Ti Zr BF polarographic method (Cu Zn Sn Pb), photochemical method (Fe Co Ni TiZr BF) and flame photometry (Li) The contents of these elements in the rock range from 10 -4 to 10 -3% (Ge Be Co) to over 50% (Fe Ti Al, etc.). We tried to find out the average of the root mean square error of different laboratories, find out the relationship between them and the content of the elements (ie find out the equation of accidental error), and test whether the accidental error of geologic rock sample obeys normality distributed. The work utilized over 100,000 samples analyzed by 20 laboratories serving the geologic system from 1958 to 1961 and randomly selected data from 25,000 samples for parallel determination.