,Vacancy-Induced Ferromagnetism in SnO2 Nanocrystals: A Positron Annihilation Study

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Tin oxide (SnO2) is an n-type semiconductor with a wide band gap of 3.6 eV,which has a rutile structure.Ogale etal.[1] found that Co-doped SnO2 films not only exhibit ferromagnetism above room temperature but also shows a giant magnetic moment (7.5 ± 0.5μB/Co).It is assumed that the point defects in a SnO2 matrix may introduce extra magnetic moments,which could contribute to the total Co magnetic moment.The occurrence of such a large magnetic moment has attracted significant interest to studies of transition-metal (TM) doped SnO2.Recently,Nomura et al.[2] illustrated that the defects,rather than the Fe ions,were the main origin of ferromagnetism in Fe-doped SnO2 powders.Very recently,unexpected room-temperature ferromagnetism has been observed in pure SnO2 films,[3]nanocrystals,[4] and nanowires.
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