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目的:研究苦瓜的化学成分。方法:采用乙醇提取、大孔树脂纯化、硅胶柱色谱以及制备液相色谱等方法分离,通过理化常数及光谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结果:分离并鉴定了6个化合物,分别为苦瓜二醇A(Ⅰ)、大豆脑苷Ⅰ(Ⅱ)、柚皮苷(Ⅲ)、(3β,20R,23R)-3-{O-6-脱氧-α-L-吡喃甘露糖基-(1-2)-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1-3)]-6-O-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基}-20,23-二羟基-24-达玛烯-21-酸-21,23-内酯(Ⅳ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅴ)和胡萝卜苷(Ⅵ)。结论:化合物Ⅲ和化合物Ⅳ系首次从该植物中分离获得,其中化合物Ⅳ亦系首次从苦瓜属植物中分离得到。
Objective: To study the chemical composition of bitter melon. Methods: The compounds were isolated by ethanol extraction, macroporous resin purification, silica gel column chromatography and preparative liquid chromatography. The structures of compounds were identified by physicochemical constants and spectral data. RESULTS: Six compounds were isolated and identified as Balsam pear A (Ⅰ), Sogasone Ⅰ (Ⅱ), Naringin Ⅲ, (3β, 20R, 23R) -3- {O-6- Deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl- (1-2) -O- [β-D-xylopyranosyl- (1-3)] - 6-O-acetyl-β- Glucopyranosyloxy} -20,23-dihydroxy-24-darhamne-21-acid-21,23-lactone (IV), beta-sitosterol (V) and daucosterol (VI). Conclusion: Compound Ⅲ and compound Ⅳ were isolated from this plant for the first time, and compound Ⅳ was also isolated from the genus Momordica for the first time.