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钢的含碳量对其在硝酸溶液中的溶解速度有一定的影响,这种影响可通过测量溶解期间温度的上升来确定。在稀硝酸溶液中,根据自动催化机理,钢的溶解速度在一定范围内随着硝酸浓度的增加而增加。在浓硝酸中,由于金属表面形成一层γ—Fe_2O_3膜而钝化,钢的含碳量增加,其溶解速度也将增加,从而使钢钝化的硝酸最低浓度增加。在稀硝酸溶液中加入烷基胺对钢的溶解有抑制作用。这种抑制作用随着碳链的长度,烷基的数量以及胺化物的浓度的增加而增加。由于酸的浓度增加,钢与硝酸产生的
The carbon content of steel has an effect on its rate of dissolution in nitric acid solution, and this effect can be determined by measuring the temperature rise during dissolution. In dilute nitric acid solution, according to the autocatalytic mechanism, the dissolution rate of steel increases with the increase of nitric acid concentration within a certain range. In concentrated nitric acid, due to the formation of a layer of γ-Fe_2O_3 film on the surface of the metal, the passivation increases the carbon content of the steel and increases its dissolution rate, resulting in an increase of the minimum passivating nitric acid concentration. Add alkylamine in diluted nitric acid solution to inhibit the dissolution of steel. This inhibitory effect increases with the length of the carbon chain, the number of alkyl groups, and the concentration of the amine compound. Due to the increased acid concentration, steel and nitric acid are produced