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对儿童进行道德认识教育,目前我国用得较多的两种办法是,讲道理和利用文艺作品,如故事、电影、电视剧等。除此之外,是否还有其他好办法呢? 六、七十年代以来,国外开始流行一种“情境教育”法,即根据心理学对儿童道德发展规律的研究,针对不同年龄儿童的认识特点,编拟各种包含道德内容的情境故事,然后把这些故事讲给儿童听,或者让他们身临其境地充当故事中的主人公角色,对情境加以认识,并在儿童与成人之间、儿童与儿童之间展开讨论。教育实践证明,这种“情境教育”不仅针对性强,而且生动、有趣,有利于使儿童在兴趣盎然的听故事和讨论过程中,发展对道德问题的思维、推理能力。这种情境故事一般分两种类型,一种是对偶故事,用一对故事将两种行为加以对比;另一种是两难故事,在一个故事中创设一种使人左右为难的情境,让儿童作出判断。
To educate children about morality, the two methods we use more in our country at present are to justify and make use of literary and artistic works, such as stories, films and TV dramas. In addition, is there any other good way? Sixty since the seventies, foreign countries began to popularize a kind of “situational education” law, that is, according to the psychology of children’s moral development law for children of different ages Recognize the characteristics of a variety of situational stories containing moral content, and then tell these stories to children, or let them immersed themselves as the role of the protagonist in the story, to understand the situation, and between children and adults, Discuss between children and children. Educational practice has proved that such “situational education” is not only highly targeted, but also vivid and interesting, which helps children to develop their thinking and reasoning ability in ethical issues in the course of listening to stories and discussions that are of interest. There are two general types of situational stories, one is dual story, two stories are compared with the other, and the other is a dilemma story that creates a dilemma in a story that allows children make judgement.