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目的经超声引导下的胎儿脐静脉穿刺技术是产前诊断与胎儿宫内疾病诊断与治疗的主要技术,但手术风险较大。本篇设法用刚从母体娩出的胎盘、脐带、橡胶手套等材料制作一种方法简便,价格低廉,更能模拟真实情况的实体模型,用来训练操作者的空间立体感、手眼协调能力及穿刺技能。方法选择刚从母体娩出的胎盘、脐带、猪皮、8号橡胶手套、细皮条、自来水、容器等材料来制作一种模拟中晚期妊娠宫内环境的实体模型。用充满自来水的水囊模拟羊膜腔环境、胎盘附着在水囊壁、连接胎盘的脐带漂浮于水囊内,脐静脉就作为操作者的穿刺目标。结果用胎盘、脐带、橡胶手套等材料制作的模型,可以为操作者提供更为逼真的胎儿脐静脉穿刺术练习场景,培养操作者的穿刺技能:如超声介导下实时监控穿刺针的进退、穿刺方向与深度、穿刺目标的准确性,更好地培训穿刺者的手眼协调能力与操作技能。结论本模型能为操作者提供胎儿脐静脉穿刺技术更逼真的穿刺场景与培训工具。
OBJECTIVE: Ultrasound-guided fetal umbilical vein puncture is the main technique for diagnosis and treatment of prenatal diagnosis and intrauterine diseases, but the risk of surgery is relatively high. This article tries to make a solid model which is simple, cheap and more realistic to simulate the real situation with placenta, umbilical cord, rubber gloves and other materials delivered from the mother to train the operator’s spatial three-dimensional, hand-eye coordination and puncture skill. Methods The placenta, umbilical cord, pigskin, No. 8 rubber gloves, nippers, tap water, containers and other materials just delivered from the mother were chosen to make a solid model to simulate the intrauterine environment of late pregnancy. The water sac filled with running water was used to simulate the amniotic cavity environment. The placenta was attached to the water wall and the umbilical cord connecting the placenta floated in the water sac. The umbilical vein was used as the puncture target of the operator. Results The models made of placenta, umbilical cord, rubber gloves and other materials can provide operators with a more realistic practice scenario of fetal umbilical vein puncture and train the puncture skills of the operator. For example, ultrasound can directly monitor the advancement and retreat of the puncture needle under ultrasound guidance, Puncture direction and depth, the accuracy of the puncture target, to better train the puncture of the hand-eye coordination and operational skills. Conclusion This model provides operators with more realistic puncture scenarios and training tools for fetal umbilical venipuncture.