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近年来随着地下生态学的发展,生态学家们逐渐重视生物入侵导致的地下生物多样性及其相关生态系统功能的改变。为探究加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis)入侵对土壤线虫的影响,我们在杭州湾地区选取镇海、平湖、慈溪、奉贤、海盐和杭州6个研究地点,比较外来种加拿大一枝黄花群落与土著种芦苇(Phragmites australis)群落土壤中的线虫群落结构和功能。结果显示:两种植物群落土壤中的线虫属数和多样性没有显著差异,而线虫营养多样性、大多数营养类群百分比以及线虫群落结构均存在显著差异,表明加拿大一枝黄花的入侵在一定程度上改变了杭州湾地区土壤线虫的群落结构;加拿大一枝黄花群落中土壤食真菌线虫比例趋于增加,植食性线虫比例降低,表明加拿大一枝黄花的入侵可能对土壤生态系统的能流途径产生影响,在入侵地抗寄生线虫能力强于土著植物芦苇;采样地点与植物的交互作用对线虫多样性和群落结构的影响显著,表明入侵地点是决定加拿大一枝黄花对土壤生物影响的重要因素之一;土壤颗粒组成、碳含量和氮含量是影响线虫群落结构的主要环境因子。
In recent years, along with the development of underground ecology, ecologists pay more attention to the change of underground biological diversity and related ecosystem functions caused by biological invasion. In order to explore the impact of Solidago canadensis invasion on soil nematodes, we selected six research sites in Zhenhai, Pinghu, Cixi, Fengxian, Haiyan and Hangzhou in the Hangzhou Bay area to compare the population of Solidago canadensis with native species Phragmites australis Phragmites australis community soil nematode community structure and function. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the number and diversity of nematodes among the two plant communities, but there were significant differences in nematode nutritional diversity, percentage of most nutritional groups and nematode community structure, indicating that invasion of Solidago canadensis to some extent Changed the community structure of soil nematode in Hangzhou Bay area. The proportion of soil fungi nematodes in Solidago canadensis community tended to increase, and the proportion of herbivore nematodes decreased, indicating that the invasion of Solidago canadensis may have an impact on the energy flow of soil ecosystem. Invasion of anti-parasitic nematodes stronger than indigenous plants reed; sampling sites and plant interactions on nematode diversity and community structure significantly, indicating that the invasion site is to determine the Solidago canadensis impact on soil organisms one of the important factors; soil particles Composition, carbon content and nitrogen content are the main environmental factors affecting the nematode community structure.