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城市滨水区可达性不仅仅是空间距离的阻隔,还包括人们对滨水空间的需求及滨水区自身对公众的吸引力。依据潜能模型的概念,选取人口密度、滨水区综合质量和以土地利用表达的交通作为评价因子,借助Arc-GIS9.3软件,建立了基于网格划分的滨水区可达性计算模型。该模型通过对研究区域进行等距网格划分以及定量计算网格内的人口密度、最小阻力成本和滨水区综合质量来进行滨水区可达性的定量评价。运用该模型评价了宜兴市中心城区居民至各滨水区的可达性水平,发现各滨水区平均可达性水平存在明显差异,最高的是团氿,最低的是蠡河;对每个滨水区而言,可达性从空间上均呈现出以滨水区为中心由内向外递减的趋势。评价结果可为城市滨水区合理建设格局的制定和居民享用滨水区的公平性提供决策参考。
Urban waterfront reachability is not only a barrier to spatial distance, but also includes people’s need for waterfront space and the attractiveness of the waterfront itself to the public. According to the concept of potential model, selecting the population density, the integrated quality of waterfront and using the traffic expressed by land use as the evaluation factor, and using Arc-GIS9.3 software to establish a waterfront accessibility model based on grid. The model performs a quantitative evaluation of the accessibility of the waterfront by equidistant gridding of the study area, as well as quantitative calculation of the population density within the grid, the minimum resistance cost, and the integrated quality of the waterfront. The model was used to evaluate the accessibility of residents in Yixing downtown area to all waterfront areas. It was found that there was a significant difference in the average accessibility level of each waterfront area, with the highest ones being the highest ones and the lowest being the Ba River. In the waterfront area, the reachability shows a decreasing trend from the inside to the outside with the waterfront as the center. The evaluation results can provide a reference for decision-making on the formulation of rational construction pattern of urban waterfront and the fairness of residents enjoying the waterfront.