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目的:调查了解某部新兵健康素养和健康行为状况。方法:采用自行编制的新兵健康知识和健康行为问卷,对某部2010年度新兵和2009年度义务兵进行调查与分析。结果:(1)除知道不良行为和生活方式会影响心身健康、知道肥胖可引起疾病、通过报纸期刊获取保健知识及通过电视获取保健知识等4项外,新兵组健康知识知晓率和健康态度与义务兵组比较,差异显著或非常显著(P<0.05,P<0.01);(2)除感到心理压力或困惑时找父母、找领导诉说两项外,新兵组心理精神状态各项与义务兵组比较,差异显著或非常显著(P<0.05,P<0.01);(3)除没有自觉锻炼身体、有时自觉锻炼身体、睡眠质量较好、爱好学习、爱好唱歌和爱好乐器外,新兵组饮食、运动及睡眠情况等各项与义务兵组比较,差异均非常显著(P<0.01);(4)除从不饮酒和饮啤酒2项外,新兵组吸烟、饮酒情况等各项与义务兵组比较,差异显著或非常显著(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:新兵一入伍就应进行健康教育和健康行为塑型,培养良好的心理素质和健康行为。
Objective: To investigate the health literacy and health behaviors of a recruiter. Methods: Using self-made recruits health knowledge and health behavior questionnaire, a 2010 recruits and 2009 year compulsory service investigation and analysis. Results: (1) In addition to knowing that bad behavior and life style affect mental and physical health, knowing that obesity can cause disease, obtaining health knowledge through newspapers and periodicals and obtaining health knowledge through television, (P <0.05, P <0.01); (2) In addition to find psychological stress or confusion looking for parents, looking for the leadership to tell the two, the recruit group psychic state of mind compared with the compulsory service group (P <0.05, P <0.01). (3) In addition to not exercising consciously, sometimes consciously exercising, having better sleep quality, learning to hobby, singing and enjoying hobby, the recruits diet, exercise (P <0.01). (4) In addition to drinking alcohol and drinking beer two, the recruits smoking, drinking and other compulsory service groups, the difference Significant or very significant (P <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusion: As soon as recruits are enlisted, health education and healthy behavior shaping should be carried out to cultivate good psychological quality and healthy behavior.