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本文基于人力资本理论和工作搜寻理论,结合经济转型时期的制度背景,使用2002年度的中国家庭收入调查(CHIPs)数据,采用Heckman处理效应模型实证分析农民工的人力资本和职业流动对其工资收入的影响,探讨农民工工资增长的微观机制。本文还将教育分组,考察处于不同教育水平人群的工资增长机制的差异。研究结果表明:对于农民工群体,两种不同的工资增长机制(人力资本机制和职业流动机制)在转型时期的城市劳动力市场是并存的,两者都适用于解释农民工工资增长问题。本文还发现高学历者与低学历者的工资增长机制存在异质性,对于高学历者,人力资本的投入和积累是提高收入的主要途径,职业流动往往意味着专用人力资本积累的中断。低学历者的情况则刚好相反,通过职业流动能使他们在劳动力市场中找到工资更高、匹配效率更优的工作,但人力资本对其工资增长并无显著影响。
Based on human capital theory and job search theory, combined with the institutional background of economic transition period, this paper uses the Chinese household income survey (CHIPs) data from 2002 to analyze the effect of human capital and professional mobility of migrant workers on their wage income using Heckman effect model. The impact of migrant workers to explore the micro-mechanism for the growth of wages. This article also divides education into groups and examines the differences in wage growth mechanisms at different levels of education. The results show that for the migrant workers group, the two different wage increase mechanisms (human capital mechanism and job mobility mechanism) coexist in the urban labor market during the transitional period, and both of them are suitable for explaining the wage increase of migrant workers. This paper also finds that there is heterogeneity in wage growth mechanism between highly educated and less educated. For highly educated persons, the input and accumulation of human capital are the main ways to increase their income. Occupational mobility often means the interruption of the accumulation of dedicated human capital. In the case of low-educated people, on the other hand, employment mobility allows them to find jobs with higher wages and better efficiency in the labor market, but human capital does not have a significant impact on their wage growth.