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徐光启(一五六二—一六三三),明代科学家,字子先,上海县徐家汇(今属上海市辖区)人。万历三十二年(一六零四年)为进士。崇祯五年(一六三二年)升任礼部尚书兼东阁大学士,并参机要,崇祯六年(一六三三年)兼任文渊阁大学士。他的科学研究范围广泛,以农学、天文学最为突出。较早从罗马传教士利玛窦等学习研究西方科技知识,包括天文、历法、数学、测量和水利等学科,并介绍于我国,对当时的社会生产有帮助。他编著的《农政全书》,以旧历推算日食失验,请重修历法。熹宗命之为监督,诏李之藻、李天经等共参其事,历时三年,成《崇祯历书》,为我国历法参用西法之始。他译著很多书籍,其中以《几何原本》最为著名,是我国近代向西方学习的先驱。一九八零年十一月二十日,我国邮电部发行了“中国古代科学家”(第三组,J58)纪念邮票一套,共四枚,其中第一枚是徐光启(见图)。
Xu Guangqi (1562 - 1633), Ming Dynasty scientist, Zi Zi first, Xujiahui County, Shanghai (now Shanghai area) people. Thirty-two years of Wanli (1640) as a jinshi. Chongzhen five years (1632) was promoted to the ritual Shang and Dongge Bachelor, and participate in the meeting, Chongzhen six years (one six-three years) as Wenyuan Pavilion bachelor. His wide range of scientific research, with agronomy, astronomy the most prominent. Early learning from the Roman missionary Matteo Ricci and other Western scientific and technological knowledge, including astronomy, calendar, mathematics, measurement and water conservancy and other disciplines, and introduced in our country, the social production at the time helpful. He edited “the whole book of agriculture,” the solar calendar to predict the loss of the sun, please reinstate the calendar. Xi Zong’s life as a supervisor, Zhaoli algae, Li Ti Jing and other common reference events lasted for three years, into a “Chong calendar calendar” for the introduction of the calendar of the Western Law of our country. He translated many books, among which the most famous is Geometry Original, which is a pioneer of learning from the West in modern China. On November 20, 1980, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications issued a set of commemorative stamps of “Ancient Chinese Scientists” (Group III, J58) for a total of four pieces, the first of which was Xu Guangqi (see photo) .