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职业倦怠是美国临床心理学家弗鲁顿柏格(Freudenberger.H.J,1974)首次提出以来,该领域便日益受到人们的关注,并成为西方职业压力研究和心理健康研究中较为流行的一个概念。职业倦怠可以从三个维度加以定义,即情绪耗竭、去人性化及缺乏成就感;情绪耗竭是指个人的生理及心理资源被耗尽的感觉;去人性化是指在工作中对他人的消极、疏远或没有人情味的反应;缺乏成就感是指一种无法胜任,以及在工作中缺乏成就的感觉。众多研究表明,职业倦怠作为一种心理现象,在绩效工资背景下中小学教师中普遍存在。
Occupational burnout has drawn increasing attention in the field since the first clinical psychologist Freudenberger H.J. (1974) proposed it and has become one of the more popular concepts in occupational stress research and mental health research in the West. Job burnout can be defined in three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, dehumanization and lack of accomplishment; emotional exhaustion refers to the feeling that personal physical and psychological resources are exhausted; and dehumanization refers to the negativity of others in work , Alienated or inhuman reactions; lack of accomplishment refers to a feeling of incompetence and lack of achievement at work. Numerous studies show that job burnout as a psychological phenomenon prevails among primary and secondary school teachers in the context of performance pay.