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用核型和GiemsaC—带技术对六倍体小黑麦×普通小麦的杂种后代(F4)83C3796和83C3804混系今的非整倍体进行了分析。在74个随机抽样的细胞中,染色体数从35条到43条都有分布,比率分别是4.05%、5.40%、2.7O%、9.46%、9.46%、12.16%、12.16%、41.89%和2.70%.发生小麦染色体丢失的植株频率超过55.39%,2n-13植株出现的比率最低(占2.70%).并从一般核型中观察到染色体游离片段和染色体“断裂一融合”过程.C一带分析观察到高频率的小麦一黑麦染色体易位,都属罗伯逊易位.易位包含了小麦的A、B、D组染色体和黑麦所有14条染色体臂,其中IRS易位频率最高(占48.3%),且全为纯合易位,其它易位染色体纯合的程度各自不同.研究中还观察到在一个细胞中有多个小麦一黑麦染色体易位共存的现象.文中还讨论了易位非整倍体在小麦育种上的利用问题。
The heterozygous aneuploidies of hybrids of hexaploid Triticum × common wheat (F4) 83C3796 and 83C3804 were analyzed by karyotype and Giemsa C-banding technique. In 74 random samples of cells, the number of chromosomes from 35 to 43 are distributed, the rates were 4.05%, 5.40%, 2.7O%, 9.46%, 9.46%, 12 .16%, 12.16%, 41.89% and 2.70% respectively. Occurrences of wheat chromosomes lost more than 55.39% of the plants, 2n-13 plants appeared the lowest (2.70%). And from the general karyotype observed chromosomal free segments and chromosome “fracture-fusion” process. The C-band analysis observed a high frequency of wheat-rye chromosomal translocations, all of which are Robertsonian translocations. The translocation contains all 14 chromosome arms of chromosomes A, B and D of wheat and all rye chromosomes. The frequency of IRS translocation is the highest (48.3%), and all are homozygous translocations. The other translocations are homozygous The extent of their differences. The study also observed the presence of multiple wheat-rye chromosome translocations in one cell. The article also discusses the use of translocation aneuploidy on wheat breeding.