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日食是人类社会中重要的天文现象。但在以“天人感应”、“天人合一”为知识和思想背景的古代社会,却被赋予了特定的社会意义。特别是在帝王政治中,日食被视为一种灾异,认为是对君王政治得失的警告。日食的发生意味着君主的权利将被大臣侵夺,君主的统治受到臣下的挑战而出现了危机。正因为如此,每当日食发生时,皇帝不仅要举行素服、撤乐、避正殿、减膳等措施对自己的行为进行约束,还要颁布大赦诏令,释放囚徒,减免赋役,抚恤贫穷,并尽可能对当前存在的社会
Solar eclipse is an important astronomical phenomena in human society. However, in the ancient society with the knowledge and ideological background of “Heaven and Earth ’”, “harmony between man and nature ”, it has been given a special social significance. Especially in emperors’ politics, eclipse was regarded as a kind of disaster, which was regarded as a warning to the political failure of the king. The occurrence of the solar eclipse means that the monarch’s rights will be invaded by the minister, and the monarchy’s rule will be challenged by the minister under the crisis. Because of this, whenever the eclipse occurred, the emperor not only held plain suits, evacuation, avoiding the temple, reducing the diet and other measures to restrain his behavior, but also promulgated the amnesty permit, the release of prisoners, tax relief, poverty alleviation and As far as possible to the currently existing society