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目的分析南方某部1992-2011年呼吸道传染病流行病学特征,以便更好制定其防控对策。方法采用描述流行病学分析方法,EXCEL等软件进行分析处理。结果 1992-2011年南方某部报告呼吸道传染病占各类传染病总发病数的35.90%;20年里其所占比重呈波浪式上升趋势。发病人数居前3位的病种依次为:肺结核、水痘和流行性腮腺炎,三者发病数占呼吸道传染病总发病数的85.96%。发病人群以战士和干部为主。从时间分布来看,肺结核、水痘、流行性感冒和流行性腮腺炎发病不呈现季节性,麻疹发病高峰期在5月,风疹发病高峰期在4月。结论预防呼吸道传染病是军队降低传染病发病率的首要任务。加强肺结核的监测与控制,防止水痘在营区内的暴发,关注驻地传染病的流行,将疫苗接种工作落实到位,健康教育做到深入、透彻等是防控呼吸道传染病的有效方法。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory infectious diseases in a southern part from 1992 to 2011 in order to better formulate its prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis methods, such as software EXCEL analysis and processing. Results From 1992 to 2011, a report from the southern part of the country reported that respiratory infectious diseases accounted for 35.90% of the total number of all kinds of infectious diseases. In 20 years, the proportion of respiratory infectious diseases showed a wave-like upward trend. The top three diseases were tuberculosis, chickenpox and mumps, accounting for 85.96% of the total number of respiratory infectious diseases. The incidence of the main group of soldiers and cadres. From the time distribution point of view, the incidence of tuberculosis, chickenpox, influenza and mumps do not appear seasonal, the peak incidence of measles in May, the peak incidence of rubella in April. Conclusion Prevention of respiratory infectious diseases is the primary task of the military to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases. Strengthen the monitoring and control of tuberculosis, prevent the outbreak of chickenpox in the camp area, pay close attention to the prevalence of resident infectious diseases, put the vaccination work into place, and make health education thorough and thoroughly effective prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases.