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利用微卫星分子标记研究鄱阳湖15个日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)野生群体的遗传多样性。结果表明:10个微卫星位点呈高度多态性,共检测到129个多态性位点;每个群体中至少有5个位点显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡,表现出杂合不足;15个日本沼虾群体均表现出较高的遗传多样性,其中大坝外群体和星池群体遗传多样性较高,万户和湖口群体相对较低。瓶颈效应和突变-漂移平衡分析表明,鄱阳湖日本沼虾群体近期没有经历过瓶颈效应,群体数量也没有下降。群体间F统计量及AMOVA分析显示,鄱阳湖日本沼虾群体存在极显著的遗传分化程度(FST=0.04709,P<0.01)。综上所述,鄱阳湖日本沼虾群体具有丰富的遗传多样性,可作为日本沼虾选育的基础群。
Genetic diversity of 15 wild populations of Macrobrachium nipponense from Poyang Lake using microsatellite markers. The results showed that the ten microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic, and 129 polymorphic loci were detected; at least 5 loci in each population deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and showed heterozygosity; 15 A group of Japanese marsh shrimp showed high genetic diversity, of which the dam population and the Central pool population genetic diversity is higher, Mukouda and Hukou population is relatively low. The bottleneck effect and mutation-drift equilibrium analysis showed that the population of Macrobrachium nipponense did not experience the bottleneck effect in recent years and the population did not decline. F-statistics and AMOVA analysis showed that there was a significant genetic differentiation (P <0.05) in the population of M. matshurica in Poyang Lake (FST = 0.04709, P <0.01). In summary, Poyang Lake, Japan Macrobrachium population has rich genetic diversity, can be used as the basic group of marsh breeding in Japan.