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本文以每穗小穗数可多达37个的不分枝普通多小穗品系“10-A”为母本,与一系列遗传差异较大的测验系组配的20个组合的P_1、P_2、F_1、F_2、B_1和B_2六个世代为供试材料,考察了“10—A”最优良的性状(小穗数)和3个突出的不良性状(抽穗期、穗粒数和粒重).采用明道绪最近提出的“利用各世代的小区平均数估计遗传参数的加权最小二乘法”,按性状分组合进行了各参数估计及其显著性检验、遗传模型检验以及参数间差异显著性检验.在此基础上,对各类基因效应在组合间的变异程度,同一类基因效应在各性状间及其与测验系表型值间的相关程度作了统计分析.文中根据本试验结果对多小穗品系“10-A”的遗传改良与利用问题进行了讨论.
In this study, 20 non-desiccated common multi-spikelet lines “10-A” with spikelets per panicle were used as the female parents. A total of 20 combinations of P_1, P_2 , F_1, F_2, B_1 and B_2 were used as tested materials. The best 10-A traits (spikelet number) and 3 prominent bad traits (heading date, number of grains per spike and grain weight) Using the method of weighted least squares that estimates the genetic parameters by using the average of all the communities in Ming dynasty recently, the parameter estimation and its significance test, the genetic model test and the significant difference test between the parameters On this basis, we made a statistical analysis of the degree of variation in the genotypes, the degree of correlation between the same genotype and the phenotypic values of the test strains in the same type of gene effect.In this paper, The problem of genetic improvement and utilization of spikelet “10-A” was discussed.