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本文通过对《红楼梦》第一回原文及其四个英文译本的对比发现,尽管原文中被动句的使用较少,而英文各译本中却大量地使用了被动句。进一步的分析研究表明,这些“多余的”被动句的出现,既有句法、语义、语用的原因,又有语篇的因素。本文从系统功能语言学的角度出发,转换规定性的翻译研究方式为描写性的研究方式,着重探讨汉语主动句转换成英语被动句时的语篇功能,对比分析各个译者在转换方面的异同与得失,旨在找出近代汉语语句翻译成英语过程中的语篇考量,总结汉语主动句向英语被动句转化的语篇规律,并检验主位结构(也叫主位-述位系统)分析在英汉对比研究和翻译研究中的可行性。
The comparison between the first original version of A Dream of Red Mansions and the four English versions of the text reveals that despite the limited use of passive sentences in the original texts, passive sentences are largely used in English translations. Further analysis shows that the emergence of these “redundant” passive sentences has both syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and textual factors. From the perspective of systemic functional linguistics, this paper attempts to explore the similarities and differences between the translators in translation by focusing on the discourse function of converting the Chinese active sentences into passive English sentences. And gains and losses, aiming at finding out the discourse considerations in the process of translating modern Chinese sentences into English, summarizing the discourse rules of Chinese passive sentences in the conversion of passive English sentences, and examining the analysis of thematic structure (also called the thematic - rheme system) Feasibility in English-Chinese Contrastive Studies and Translation Studies.