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目的了解湖南省怀化市5岁以下儿童死亡情况,提出针对性的干预措施,降低儿童死亡率。方法对怀化市2015年的5岁以下儿童死亡进行监测,根据《儿童死亡监测死因分类说明》进行死因分类,对监测数据进行整理和统计分析。结果 5岁以下儿童死亡率8.04‰,婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的72.16%,农村儿童占93.61%。5岁以下儿童死亡率农村(8.56‰)高于城市(4.29‰),春夏季5岁以下儿童死亡率(7.09‰)低于秋冬季(8.96‰),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。5岁以下儿童前5位的死因依次为肺炎、先天性心脏病、意外窒息、早产低体重、溺水。结论怀化市5岁以下儿童死亡控制重点在农村,建议加强孕产期保健服务指导,完善出生缺陷三级预防体系,重视儿童意外伤害防治。
Objective To understand the deaths of children under 5 years of age in Huaihua City, Hunan Province and to propose targeted interventions to reduce the child mortality rate. Methods The death of children under 5 years of age in Huaihua City in 2015 was monitored. The causes of death were classified according to the classification of causes of death caused by child deaths. The monitoring data were collated and analyzed statistically. Results The death rate of children under 5 years of age was 8.04 ‰. Infant deaths accounted for 72.16% of the deaths of children under 5 years old and 93.61% of rural children. The mortality rate of children under 5 years of age was 8.56 ‰ higher than that of cities 4.29%. The mortality rate of children under 5 years old in spring and summer was lower than that in autumn and winter (8.96 ‰), the difference was statistically significant (P0.05 ). The top 5 death causes of children under 5 years of age were pneumonia, congenital heart disease, asphyxia, premature birth, low birth weight and drowning. Conclusion The death control of children under 5 years of age in Huaihua is mainly focused on the rural areas. It is suggested to strengthen the guidance of health services during pregnancy and childbirth, improve the tertiary prevention system of birth defects, and attach importance to the prevention and treatment of child accidental injuries.