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目前,全国铁路货车有几十万辆,大多数都是装八块轴瓦(滑动轴承)的四轴车。因此,轴瓦的检修任务十分繁重。轴瓦是由球墨铸铁瓦体和白合金瓦面组成的,瓦体与白合金经浇铸而结合为一体,其内表面都需进行抛光处理,光洁度要达到▽7以上。经抛光的瓦体超过四小时未浇铸白合金的应重新抛光。瓦体的好坏直接影响白合金浇铸,而白合金的浇铸质量又直接关系到铁路车辆的运行安全。
At present, there are hundreds of thousands of freight wagons across the country, most of which are four-axle vehicles with eight bearings (plain bearings). Therefore, the bearing repair task is very heavy. Bearing bush is made of ductile iron tile and white alloy tile surface, tile body and white alloy by casting and combined as one, the inner surface of the need for polishing, finish to achieve ▽ 7 or more. Polished tile body more than four hours uncast white metal should be re-polished. The quality of the tile body directly affects the white alloy casting, and the casting quality of the white alloy is directly related to the running safety of the railway vehicle.