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目的了解乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫后,中方县农村出生儿童乙肝疫苗全程及首针及时接种情况。方法对中方县2002-2009年各年接种率调查资料整理分析。结果中方县农村出生儿童乙肝疫苗年平均全程接种率和年平均首针及时接种率分别为92.55%和77.91%,全程接种率和首针及时接种率分别由2002年的78.18%、59.09%上升至2009年的97.27%、89.54%,呈逐年提高趋势;以丘陵为主的西北县区经济发达的农村乙肝疫苗全程接种率及首针及时接种率显著高于以山地为主的东南县区经济欠发达的农村;在医院出生儿童乙肝疫苗全程接种率及首针及时接种率显著高于在诊所及在家出生儿童。结论该地区农村出生儿童乙肝疫苗接种呈逐年上升趋势。针对孕产妇等重点人群开展健康教育,提高住院分娩率,加强对开展产科服务的医疗机构的监管,是提高农村地区出生儿童的乙肝疫苗接种率的有效措施。
Objective To understand the hepatitis B vaccine in children immunization program, Zhongfang County, rural children born hepatitis B vaccine and the first needle in a timely manner inoculation. Methods The data of investigation on inoculation rate of each year in Zhongfang County from 2002 to 2009 were collated and analyzed. Results The annual average vaccination rate and the average first-time inoculation rate of hepatitis B vaccine were 92.55% and 77.91% respectively in rural areas of Zhongfang County. The whole vaccination rate and the first inoculation rate increased from 78.18% and 59.09% respectively in 2002 97.27% and 89.54% in 2009, showing an upward trend year by year. The whole-course vaccination rate and the first-dose timely vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine in economically developed rural areas in northwestern counties mainly in hilly areas were significantly higher than those in southeastern counties with mountainous areas Developed rural areas; hepatitis B vaccine vaccination rate and first-dose timely vaccination rate in hospital-born children were significantly higher than those in clinics and at home-born children. Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccination among rural-born children in rural areas showed an upward trend year by year. To carry out health education on key population such as maternal and improve the rate of hospital delivery and strengthen the supervision of medical institutions that carry out obstetric services is an effective measure to increase the hepatitis B vaccination rate of children born in rural areas.