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目的了解昆明市居民伤害死亡发生特点、变化及其对居民健康的影响程度,为进一步开展伤害的预防提供参考依据。方法 2006-2010年昆明市居民死因监测数据,用Access/Deathreg 2005软件和Excel进行数据统计、分析。结果 2006-2010年居民伤害死亡率呈下降趋势,降低了13.81%,居全死因的第4位。5年间伤害导致死亡14 887例,年平均死亡率为75.93/10万,标化率为67.08/10万,男性年平均死亡率为101.80/10万,标化率为90.76/10万,女性为48.72/10万,标化率为41.89/10万,男性高于女性(P<0.001),是女性的2.09倍。居民伤害的前5位死因为交通事故、自杀、意外跌落、意外中毒和溺水,其中交通事故死亡率呈上升趋势,从2006年的18.44/10万上升到2010年的20.12/10万,上升率为9.11%;自杀死亡呈明显的下降趋势,由2006年19.91/10万下降到2010年的12.04/10万,下降率为39.53%;意外跌落从2006年16.59/10万下降至2010年的14.50/10万,降低了12.60%。0～14岁年龄段男性主要为溺水,女性则以交通事故为主要死因;15～59岁年龄段男性以交通事故为主要死亡原因,而女性自杀是主要死亡原因;>60岁人群男性和女性均以意外跌落为主要死因。城市居民伤害死亡为42.84/10万,标化率为35.83/10万,农村人群则为98.50/10万,标化率为89.94/10万,是城市的2.32倍。城市居民前5位伤害依次为:交通事故、意外跌落、自杀、意外中毒和其他伤害,农村则为自杀、交通事故、意外跌落、意外中毒和溺水。结论伤害已经成为昆明市居民的主要死因之一,应根据其变化特点开展针对性的综合防治措施。
Objective To understand the characteristics and changes of the death and injury of residents in Kunming and their impact on the health of residents, so as to provide a reference for further prevention of injuries. Methods Data of death causes of residents in Kunming from 2006 to 2010 were collected and analyzed with Access / Deathreg 2005 software and Excel. Results The mortality rate of residents’ injuries in 2006-2010 showed a downward trend, decreasing by 13.81%, ranking 4th in the cause of death. Injuries in 5 years led to 14,887 deaths, with an average annual mortality rate of 75.93 / lakh and a standardization rate of 67.08 / lakh. The annual average death rate of males was 101.80 / lakh and the standardization rate was 90.76 / lakh. Women were 48.72 / 100000, the standardization rate was 41.89 / 100000, male than female (P <0.001), 2.09 times that of female. The top five death toll from traffic accidents was suicide, accidental drop, accidental poisoning and drowning. Among them, the death toll from traffic accidents showed an upward trend, rising from 18.44 / 100,000 in 2006 to 20.12 / 100,000 in 2010. The rate of increase At 9.11%. The death toll dropped significantly from 19.91 / 100,000 in 2006 to 12.04 / 100,000 in 2010, a drop of 39.53%. The accidental drop dropped from 16.59 / 100,000 in 2006 to 14.50 in 2010 / 100,000, a decrease of 12.60%. In the age group of 0 to 14, drowning was predominant in males and traffic accidents were the major causes of death in females. Traffic accidents were the major cause of death among 15- to 59-year-olds, while female suicide was the leading cause of death. Males and females> 60 Accidental drop as the main cause of death. The death toll of urban residents was 42.84 / 100000, the standardization rate was 35.83 / 100000, the rural population was 98.50 / 100000, the standardization rate was 89.94 / 10 million, 2.32 times that of the city. The top 5 urban residents were injured in traffic accidents, accidental falls, suicides, accidental poisoning and other injuries. In rural areas, suicide, traffic accidents, accidental falls, accidental poisoning and drowning were all reported. Conclusions Injury has become one of the main causes of death among residents in Kunming. Comprehensive and preventive measures should be taken according to the characteristics of the changes.