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生物传感器正在向响应快、多酶化和微型化发展,要达到上述要求,酶的固定化技术是关键。常用的固定化技术有包埋法,载体结合法和交联法。我们曾用载体结合法研制了乳酸脱氢酶电极和过氧化氢酶电极,这些酶电极尽管有较高的酶活性,但响应时间较长,而且难以小型化。1986年 Foulds 和 Lowe 采用单体吡咯,利用电氧化时聚吡咯形成荷正电荷的导电聚合物,在高于酶等电点的 pH 时,荷负电荷的酶分子能掺杂到聚合物中去,达到酶的固定化。这一新的酶固定化方法具有操作简单,膜厚度容易控制等优点。
Biosensors are rapidly responding, multi-enzyme and miniaturization development, to achieve the above requirements, enzyme immobilization technology is the key. Commonly used immobilization techniques include embedding method, carrier binding method and cross-linking method. We have developed lactate dehydrogenase electrodes and catalase electrodes using a carrier-bound method. These enzyme electrodes, despite their high enzyme activity, have longer response times and are difficult to miniaturize. 1986 Foulds and Lowe monomeric pyrrole, the use of polypyrrole when electroplated to form a positively charged conductive polymer, at a pH above the isoelectric point of the enzyme, the negatively charged enzyme molecule can be doped into the polymer , To achieve enzyme immobilization. This new enzyme immobilization method has the advantages of simple operation, easy control of membrane thickness and the like.